Fluorescence microscopy has been the workhorse for optical microscopy but this approach confronts several fundamental limits. We show that elastic scattering, which is the basis for the most ubiquitous optical contrast mechanism, provides a very effective avenue for sensitive detection and imaging of nanoparticles and molecules at very high spatiotemporal resolution. We present interferometric scattering (iSCAT) microscopy as the method of choice, explain its theoretical foundation, elaborate on its experimental nuances, and discuss its promise and challenges in the context of applications in detection and tracking of lipids, proteins, viruses and other nanoparticles.
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