The Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) publishes digital elevation model (DEM) data by dividing Earth’s surface into equally spaced square meshes, and an elevation value is assigned to the center of a mesh element (cell). Currently, the available open data are 5-m mesh data obtained from laser measurements (DEM5A) and photogrammetry (DEM5B) and 10-m mesh data estimated from contour lines (DEM10B). The 5-m mesh data have significant issues over water areas, such as the sea and inland water surfaces. Specifically, the water portion of the DEM5A data, which cover much of Japan, is assigned a marker value of −9999. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a method for assigning an appropriate elevation value to every cell of the water portion in 5-m mesh data with different algorithms according to its classification: sea, lake and marshes, or river. To confirm its usefulness, the proposed method was applied to actual DEM data.
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