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To address a series of issues existing in the current incubators, including cumbersome data processing, limited programming capabilities, difficulties in secondary development, sharp hot and cold stress on cultures, and the inability to provide effective temperature stimulation, a smart cultivation apparatus was constructed on the base of STM32 microcontroller chip. The apparatus employed temperature and humidity sensor, JXM oxygen sensor, and MQ-135 ammonia sensor for the purpose of data collection. Additionally, the ESP-12F wireless module is utilized as a medium for custom control through a mobile application, being compatible with both of Android and iOS systems, real-time data was upload to the cloud, and real-time customized controls through mobile apps were implemented. Actual operation of this cultivation apparatus showed the proficiency to achieve functions such as automatic constant temperature and humidity control, gradient cultivation conditions setting and operation, real-time remote data uploading, and app control. The temperature fluctuation range is controlled as ±0.1 °C, and the relative humidity variation rate is of ± 1%. Additionally, the programmable and scalable performance was embedded into this apparatus by providing program burning interfaces, multiple serial ports, and relay modules, to meet the technical needs for teaching and research.
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