Smart structures using shape memory alloys

J. Clarke; S. Tesfamariam; S. Yannacopoulos

doi:10.1117/12.815524

30 March 2009 Smart structures using shape memory alloys

J. Clarke, S. Tesfamariam, S. Yannacopoulos

Proceedings Volume 7292, Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2009; 729205 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.815524
Event: SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, 2009, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

Elevated civil structure systems, such as communication towers and water tanks, are prone to higher mode vibration and earthquake induced damages. To mitigate damages, however, the structures are retrofitted with conventional (e.g. steel casing) and/or emerging techniques (e.g. smart structures). Smart structure entails integration of system behavior, control design and actuators. In this paper, utility of smart structures is illustrated through an elevated water tank concrete column. The concrete column is modeled as a continuous system, using the Lagrangian formulation, and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is used for the control system, and shape memory alloy (SMA) for actuation. The water tank is excited with the 1940 El-Centro earthquake record. A sensitivity analysis is performed on the controller error and penalizing constants, as well as actuator location and angle of the connection. The four control variables that can be analyzed for the controller are: R_r, Q_r, R_e, and Q_e, which are the control penalty, error penalty, measurement noise and process noise, respectively. The connection height on the beam and angle of the actuator is also analyzed for optimal performance. From the sensitivity analysis, the most efficient controller configuration is identified for further analysis of the structure. Optimal actuator configuration can be found based on the reduction of displacement versus the amount of energy used. It has been shown that using the SMA, the seismic demand on the concrete column is reduced using the SMA.

Citation Download Citation

J. Clarke, S. Tesfamariam, and S. Yannacopoulos "Smart structures using shape memory alloys", Proc. SPIE 7292, Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2009, 729205 (30 March 2009); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.815524

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