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We report on the use of etching and regrowth to shift the longitudinal resonance wavelength of adjacent VCSELs by -4nm from 980nm. The etched VCSEL exhibited less than 5% change in threshold (from 0.36mA) and slope efficiency relative to neighboring un-etched VCSELs. This etch and regrowth technique can be applied to produce wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) VCSEL arrays with close spacing (<100microns). We will also discuss applications to 2-dimensional index engineering of novel VCSEL devices, since wavelength shifting is equivalent to effective index tuning.
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Darwin K. Serkland, Michael G. Wood, Kent M. Geib, Alejandro J. Grine, Gregory M. Peake, Ping-Show Wong, Victor J. Patel, "Adjusting VCSEL wavelength and index by etching and regrowth," Proc. SPIE PC12439, Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers XXVII, PC1243905 (17 March 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2651018