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Volume 2108 International Conference on Holography, Correlation Optics, and Recording Materials

Oleg V. Angelsky December 1993

Conference Location: Chernovtsy, Ukraine Conference Date: Monday 10 May 1993

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Recording Materials and Media for Holography

Select this Article		Photoresist as a recording material for holographic elements Miroslav Miler Proc. SPIE 2108, 2 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165354 \| Cited 1 time Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Photoresist, as one of the most important materials for recording holographic diffraction structures, is treated particularly from the point of view of a control of the development of the surface-relief profile of the grating groove. Primary attention is given to the formation of the desirable profile for the grating multiple beam splitter.

Select this Article		Photopolymer recording materials for holography: some recent developments Daniel-Joseph Lougnot Proc. SPIE 2108, 10 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165365 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The use of highly viscous formulations based on multifunctional acrylates and on various sensitizers allows holograms to be recorded through a photochemically induced polymerization. After a preillumination under homogeneous deep UV exposure, these materials are able to generate a tridimensional network in the cavity of which residual monomers can diffuse easily. When irradiated holographically, these systems become more and more rigid and reach, ultimately, a stage of complete photochemical inertness so that they do not require any chemical or physical post-treatment. Depending on the structure of the sensitizer, the range of sensitivity extends over the visible and near infrared up to 850 nm. At best, no more than 30 mJ/cm^-2 are required to record a permanent hologram at 514 nm.

Select this Article		Noise properties of medium at holographic reconstruction of the image Valery A. Loiko and Aleksander V. Konkolovich Proc. SPIE 2108, 23 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165376 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The laws of the change in the spectral power density of optical noise (Wiener spectrum) of a monolayer of particles depending on their optical properties and concentration have been studied from the view point of the model amplitude-phase screen. It is shown that the account of the spatial correlation in the positioning of inhomogeneities and of the interference between scattered waves leads to qualitatively different laws of optical noise behavior in comparison with rarefied optical image recording systems.

Select this Article		Fidelity measurement methods for phase conjugation by degenerate four-wave mixing in photorefractive BTO crystals Mariana Petris, Sorin Tibuleac, and Letitia Voicu Proc. SPIE 2108, 29 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165387 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract We present new, easy to use methods of measuring the fidelity of phase conjugated beams employing a classical system for image acquisition and processing, coupled to a personal computer. Two methods are based on intensity distribution changes measurements and the third is an interferometric evaluation of the wavefront reconstruction. These methods are applied in phase conjugation fidelity studies in a degenerate four wave mixing experiment using a He-Ne laser and a Bi₁₂TiO₂₀ (BTO) photorefractive crystal. A comparison between the proposed methods, and also with other techniques currently used for phase conjugation fidelity studies, is made.

Select this Article		Real-time holographic associative memory using doped lithium niobate crystals Hongxi Zhang, Chongquan Xu, Xuebin Shang, Liangsheng Qiang, Jingwen Zhang, and Kebin Xu Proc. SPIE 2108, 37 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165398 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract We describe an all-optical real-time holographic associative memory using doped lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) crystals as hologram recording and phase-conjugate mirror elements, respectively, and we present the preliminary experimental results for associative storage. It is indicated that the system has high angular selectivity, spatial resolution, and a high degree of cross-talk suppression. The discussion is also given.

Select this Article		Holographic recording property of cerium-doped bismuth-silicon-oxide monocrystals Hongxi Zhang, Liangsheng Qiang, and Chongquan Xu Proc. SPIE 2108, 41 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165409 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The present paper reports the improved holographic recording property of cerium doped Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ (Ce:BSO) crystal and demonstrates the dependence of diffraction efficiency of Ce:BSO on beam intensity and fringe spacing. Tentative interpretation and discussion are also given.

Select this Article		Copper-vapor laser in dynamic holography Mishik A. Kazaryan and Konstantin I. Zemskov Proc. SPIE 2108, 45 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165420 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract A brief review of experimental study of copper vapor laser (CVL) coherent properties, and its use in dynamic holography, is presented. A phase conjugation problem for high-gain nonlinear media, such as CVL-medium, is discussed, and experimental results are described. Amplification of holographic images and operation with holographic photorefractive preamplification are discussed.

Select this Article		Magneto-optical analysis of magnetization distribution in magnetic recording media I. I. Davidenko and Valeriy F. Kovalenko Proc. SPIE 2108, 54 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165431 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract A magneto optic method of analysis of magnetization distribution in magnetic recording media which utilizes the modulation of width of straight domains in epitaxial garnet film was evaluated. Spatial modulation of domain walls in inhomogeneous applied magnetic field was analyzed theoretically and experimentally. Some experimental results concerning the magneto- optical readout, the thermo-remanent magnetic recording on chromium dioxide magnetic tape, are shown.

Select this Article		Dynamics of holographic recording at photopolymer compounds Tatiana N. Smirnova and Vyacheslav V. Obukhovsky Proc. SPIE 2108, 60 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165440 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract In this article we develop the theoretical model for the process of hologram recording in new PhPC of type FPK-488. The theory is based on the results of experimental investigations of holography recording processes in this material.

Select this Article		Thin polymer films with Sn as a new composite registration medium for laser pulse information recording A. V. Savchuk, E. N. Sal'kova, T. A. Sergan, Marat S. Soskin, and Andreas Heilmann Proc. SPIE 2108, 65 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165355 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Composite polymer+Sn films are suggested as a new material for holographic and digital information recording and their main recording parameters are investigated.

Select this Article		Selenium-based compositionally modulated recording materials for holography Alexander A. Kikineshy, Alexander Mishak, and Attila Sterr Proc. SPIE 2108, 72 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165356 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Photoinduced transformations and holographic recording in light-sensitive materials made of a- Se, As-Se glass-containing multilayer structures are investigated. It is shown that the value, direction (positive, negative_, and reversibility of optical parameters change under HeNe laser lighting at holographic recording and thermal erasing is operated by material composition and formation of submicron layered structures.

Select this Article		Metal-polymeric recording media intended for optical data recording Viacheslav V. Petrov, Andrey A. Kryuchin, Igor O. Kostenko, and Konstantin P. Gritsenko Proc. SPIE 2108, 76 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165357 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The properties of metal-polymeric recording media obtained by the decomposition of alkyl tin (Sn) and antimony (Sb) compounds in low-temperature plasma have been investigated. We have experimentally determined the changes of pit shapes during the photothermal recording and the basic medium characteristics when changing the metal and carbon concentrations in the films.

Select this Article		New registration medium with optical luminescence stimulation Viacheslav V. Petrov, Vladislav I. Zimenko, Vasyliy G. Kravets, A. M. Sushko, and A. M. Dargeyko Proc. SPIE 2108, 79 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165358 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract This paper discusses, for the first time, the possibility of application of new recording medium with the effect of photoluminescence. Optimization parameters of four-layer recording medium were held with the purpose of effective use of energy of recording and read-out radiation and getting maximum signal-to-noise ratio.

Select this Article		Magneto-optical biferrogarnet films for spatial-time light modulators Andrey S. Ostrovsky and Evgeny G. Balinsky Proc. SPIE 2108, 83 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165359 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Basic physical characteristics of Bi-ferrogarnet single-crystal films as a perspective material for creation of spatial-time light modulators have been considered. Potentially attainable characteristics of modulators on the basis of this media have been analyzed.

Select this Article		Magneto-optical data-processing systems Andrey S. Ostrovsky, Evgeny G. Balinsky, and Sergey V. Levy Proc. SPIE 2108, 87 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165360 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Potential possibilities are considered and advantages of utilization of magneto-optical spatial- time light modulators for entering the electric signals into the optical data processing system have been shown. The constructions of magneto-optical spatial-time light modulators and original configurations of the optical data processing system which are based on it have been described. The examples of these optical data processing systems have been given.

Select this Article		Holographic high-reflection filters in dichromated gelatin layers Vadim V. Smirnov, L. M. Piljak, T. V. Shedrunova, I. B. Muravjova, and Vadim V. Novoselskiy Proc. SPIE 2108, 94 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165361 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract We give the results of research in the field of working out high-reflection holographic filters in dichromated gelatin layers. Considered are some methods of solution of the main problems that arise during filters production: (1) formation and registration of undestroyed structure of filters with required spatial period; (2) creation needed value of modulation and production of the hologram structure with regular spatial period in a registration layer with different depth. Peculiarities of filter production in layers with depth 10 - 100 micrometers , and optical parameters of the filters are reported as well.

Select this Article		Peculiarities of the photochemical processing of relief-phase holograms registered in a thin layer of silver halide emulsion E. B. Brui and I. A. Galashkina Proc. SPIE 2108, 103 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165362 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Peculiarities of the photo-chemical processing of the relief-phase holograms, registered in the layers of argentum-halogenide emulsion PE-2 with the thickness 1 micrometers , are presented in the paper. It was found that in the case of such thickness the tanning processing does not provide the improvement of the maximal relief depth in comparison with the non-tanning process.

Select this Article		Holographic optical elements: hologram production on a base of chalcogenide vitreous semiconductor layers Peter F. Romanenko, Igor I. Robur, Alexander V. Stronski, Ivan Z. Indutnyi, Peter E. Schepeljavi, Sergey A. Kostyukevych, and L. A. Kostrova Proc. SPIE 2108, 110 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165363 \| Cited 1 time Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Among the wide range of photoinduced phenomena exhibited by the chalcogenide vitreous semiconductors (ChVS) the most frequently used in a variety of optical imaging applications are the photodoping effect (or the effect of photostimulated diffusion of metal into ChVS, one of the most widely studied) and the effect of photoinduced solubility change of ChVS layers. Both effects lead to substantial changes in the solubility rate of chalcogenides and this enables us, with the help of selective etching, to produce various relief images. In this paper the peculiarities of holographic optical elements, including holographic diffraction gratings, focusing elements (Fresnel lenses, etc.), phase-relief holograms production on the base of ChVS layers (As-S-Se-composition), are considered.

Select this Article		Manufacture of diffractive structure in Sb₂S₃ film by pulse laser irradiation Zoya N. Kalyashova, Vladimir E. Sabinin, V. I. Korolev, and E. P. Mesnyankin Proc. SPIE 2108, 115 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165364 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The semiconductor film Sb₂S₃, deposited on the glass and metal substrates, has been used as a recording material when fabricating diffraction gratings by pulse laser irradiation of 0.53 and 1.06 micrometers . The processes of photothermal ablation are the basis for the mechanism of diffraction structure formation. The gratings at spatial frequencies of 100, 500, and 800 mm^-1 have been fabricated without postexposure treatment by pulse laser irradiation of 20 and 1000 ns in duration. The diffraction efficiency of the manufactured gratings for different exposure energy densities has been measured.

Select this Article		Saturating holograms due to space-modulated phase-transition LC-isotropic phase in liquid crystals Oleg V. Yaroshchuk, Dmitry A. Voloshchenko, Victor Y. Reshetnyak, and G. Pelzl Proc. SPIE 2108, 122 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165366 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Saturation mechanism of conformational nonlinearity in LC, associated with photostimulated phase transition to the isotropic state, is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The saturation mechanism consists in nonmesomorphous isomers photoexcitation which completely suppress the LC mesophase. Theoretical calculations of the grating profile development, as well as of the time dependence of the grating diffraction efficiency, are proposed. The calculations are in good agreement with experiment. The motion law of the phase verge in the light field is obtained.

Select this Article		Optical properties of the bacteriorhodopsin films containing N, S, and Br compounds I. K. Bandrovskaya, I. P. Sharkany, Yu. D. Shershun, Z. I. Batori-Tartsi, and S. Y. Hertz Proc. SPIE 2108, 129 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165367 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Introduction to the bacteriorhodopsin (BR) films composition of the chemical materials with S, Br, and N atoms permits us to slow down the M-form relaxation on more than 5 orders what results in increasing the film sensitivity to optical radiation effect on 2 orders. It is found that glutaraldehyde may be used for the creation of the proteefive layer of Br films. The received results are explained from the point of view of the functional model of this molecule.

Select this Article		Spatial-temporal instabilities during the interaction of light and photorefractive media Vasiliy V. Lemeshko, Vyacheslav V. Obukhovsky, and A. V. Stoyanov Proc. SPIE 2108, 133 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165368 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract It is shown that the effect of autowave scattering (AWS) of light can be connected with synergetical instability of counterpropagating light beams in photorefractive medium with a mixed (diffusional and photovoltaic) response.

Select this Article		Magnetic field topographical survey by magneto-optical space-time light modulators Sergey V. Levy, Andrey S. Ostrovsky, and Yu. S. Agalidy Proc. SPIE 2108, 142 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165369 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Utilization of magneto-optical spacing light modulators based on Bi-substituted monocrystalline ferrite-garnet films for spatially distributed magnetic field measurements is discussed. Numerous variants of magnetic field topographical survey for different types (audio & video ...) of magnetic signalogramms geometrical parameters control are described. Special usages for magnetic signalogramms criminalistics examination and faint amplitude signalogramms visualization are described too.

Select this Article		Information storage and processing using accumulators based on optical holographic memory Larissa A. Mirzoeva, Yuri A. Cherkasov, Elena L. Alexandrova, A. I. Rumjantzev, Mikhail V. Smirnov, Vladimir B. Konstantinov, V. V. Drojjin, and Aleksander N. Chaika Proc. SPIE 2108, 147 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165370 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The results of the investigations of accumulators of digital and analog information based on optical holographic memory with changed reversive matrix carriers are considered. It is shown that the achievements of matrix capacity equalled to 1 Gbyte, cyclability equalled to 1000 cycles, and long information storage are possible. This accumulator is proposed as read-only memory and with the holographic correlator it is applied for parallel correlative processing of large-masses of highly informative processing.

Select this Article		Diffraction method for determination of refractive index of liquid media D. A. Dmitriev, Nikolai V. Nikonorov, and Ildar F. Salahetdinov Proc. SPIE 2108, 153 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165371 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract A method for determination of the refractive index of several liquid media has been developed. Diffraction gratings in zirconium-silicate glasses by ion exchange were made. Refractive indices for several liquids in a wide range were determined with an accuracy 1 X 10^-3. A new integrated optical device, for more precise measurements, is proposed.

Select this Article		Exposure and contrast characteristics of photothermoplastic radiated with light of ruby Q-switched laser Lev M. Panasiuk and Igor L. Zhurminsky Proc. SPIE 2108, 162 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165372 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The results of an investigation of a holographic gratings recording, created by a ruby Q- switched laser radiation, at bilayers photothermoplastics with an inorganic semiconductor layer have been shown. Dependences of diffraction efficiency from recording conditions: the temperature, the corona electrode potential, the charge duration, and delay of the switch of an exposure relative to beginning of charge have been studied. The value of photosensibility, which was 3 10² m²/J, and maximal intensities ratio of the interferencing beams, which was 1:7000, have been determined from the exposure and contrast characteristics.

Select this Article		Computer simulation of photometric and photographic characteristics of silver halide photographic materials Yu. S. Andreyev and Oleg N. Kozakov Proc. SPIE 2108, 168 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165373 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract A computer simulation of a silver-halide photographic material is reported. The proposed model can be used to reliably calculate photometric and photographic characteristics of single- and multiple-layer emulsions, as well as the blackening, use structure, and optical parameters of the material.

Select this Article		Some problems of the registration of colored holograms with pulsed lasers N. D. Vorzobova and R. V. Ryabova Proc. SPIE 2108, 177 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165374 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract In the article the peculiarities of the registration of the colored holograms with the radiation of the pulsed laser, caused by the dimensions of the monocrystals of the silver haloide in the holographical layer and by the simultaneous registration on two wavelengths, are studied. Parameters of the materials for the colored registration and the possibility of the object color reconstruction via two wavelengths (red and green) registration are evaluated.

Select this Article		Thermo-optic matrix recording media base of doped d-metal oxides D. A. Grinko, Andrey A. Kryuchin, A. G. Naumovets, and Vasyliy G. Kravets Proc. SPIE 2108, 182 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165375 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Thin films, in which weak chemical bonds of dopands break by laser irradiation during the information recording process, causing d-metal atoms restoration and optic contrast phase educing, are developed.

Select this Article		Some peculiarities of phase transitions in registering film media for optical information recording Vyacheslav V. Ionov Proc. SPIE 2108, 186 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165377 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The investigation of relaxation kinetics and thermodynamics of properties of the relaxation of the amorphous state of semiconductor thin films under local effect of laser radiation are reported. The process simulation is carried out on a personal computer. A technique of the determination method of phenomenological characteristics which define the relaxation kinetics and thermodynamics at temperatures close to phase-transition temperatures is developed. Experimentally and theoretically the changes of the behavior of process kinetics from quantities relation of heat liberation and heat removal velocities are investigated. The region of this relationship in which the process has a fluctuation behavior is shown.

Select this Article		Recording properties of bisubstituted YIG prepared by thermal decomposition method film Vyacheslav V. Ionov, W. Y. Gusev, and A. I. Yudithev Proc. SPIE 2108, 191 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165378 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Recording properties of Bi-substituted garnet films sputtered or prepared by a thermal decomposition method are discussed. Sprayed on it is Ti or Ta film acting at the same time as a reflector and an absorber.

Select this Article		Probability of electron-hole pairs dissociation in amorphous molecular semiconductors taking into account diffusion drift and tunnel motion of a hole within a Coulomb well M. A. Zabolotny and N. P. Borolina Proc. SPIE 2108, 194 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165379 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The model of current carrier dissociation in the films of amorphous molecular semiconductors which are in strong electric fields has been proposed taking into account the possible hole motion within a Coulomb well by the tunnelling and diffusion drift motion. The probability of this process has also been defined. This study is an attempt to explain the experimentally stated dependencies of the quantum yield of photogeneration on temperature T according to which the extrapolation of the dependencies are crossed at one point T_o¹.

Select this Article		Probability of bound electron-hole pair disassociation in holographic recording media based on amorphous molecular semiconductors film M. A. Zabolotny and N. P. Borolina Proc. SPIE 2108, 196 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165380 \| Cited 1 time Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract This study is dedicated to theoretical definition of the probability of bound electron-hole pair dissociation (phi) in strong electric fields (E > kT/(beta) , where k is the Boltzman constant, T is the temperature, and (beta) is the Poole-Frenkel constant) in the films of amorphous molecular semiconductors.

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Information Carried by Optical Fields: Achievements and New Approaches

Select this Article		Electron holography Hannes Lichte Proc. SPIE 2108, 200 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165381 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Gabor invented holography in order to overcome the limitations found in electron microscopy due to the unavoidable spherical aberration. However, in those days, electron wave optics were not yet sufficiently developed to reach this goal. Meanwhile, using modern electron microscopes and numerical image processing facilities, electron holography is going to meet the early expectations in that it is just about to cross the resolution limit of today's conventional electron microscopy.

Select this Article		Recording of high-quality 3D images by holoprinter Masahiro Yamaguchi, Hideaki Endoh, Toshio Honda, and Nagaaki Ohyama Proc. SPIE 2108, 214 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165382 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Holographic (3-D) printer (holoprinter) is under development as a peripheral device for 3-D image processing systems. For the automatic printing of distortion-free image, `multidot' recording method is developed. In this paper, the technique for the synthesis of high-quality and gray-level images is presented, and the experimental results are demonstrated. Also the method to record full-color image is introduced.

Select this Article		Optics of laser beams with screw dislocations Vladimir Y. Bazhenov, Marat S. Soskin, Mikhail V. Vasnetsov, and I. V. Basistiy Proc. SPIE 2108, 220 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165383 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The structure of laser beam with screw dislocations is discussed. The separation of m-order screw dislocation into m first-order dislocations is observed. Rotation of a dislocation array nested into Gaussian beam caused by the beam propagation is measured.

Select this Article		Correlation diagnostics and identification of spatially inhomogeneous random fields Oleg V. Angelsky Proc. SPIE 2108, 223 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165384 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Interference and polarization-interference methods for measuring amplitude and phase parameters of random optical fields are reviewed and their applications to random field identification and diagnostics of random phase objects are discussed. The use of the correlation dimension of chaos in an optical field as a diagnostic tool is considered. The interference principles employed in parallel processing of large data bulks are shown to increase considerably the processing speed of diagnostic devices.

Select this Article		Adaptive methods for laser beam control Alexander V. Koryabin and Victor I. Shmalhausen Proc. SPIE 2108, 233 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165385 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Some recent works on the problem of the adaptive laser beam control carried out at the Department of Physics of MSU are reviewed. The main directions of this research are outlined and some experimental results on adaptive compensation of adaptive control of low order thermo-aberrations in pulsed solid state laser are discussed.

Select this Article		Treatment of light scattering by a rough surface in terms of three-dimensional spectrum Colin J. R. Sheppard Proc. SPIE 2108, 238 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165386 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract It is demonstrated that scattering by a rough surface can be described in terms of its 3-D spectrum and the coherent transfer function, which was first developed to describe the process of imaging. The three dimensional coherent transfer function for confocal imaging is presented for a high-angle theory. From this an effective transfer function for imaging of rough surfaces is developed, based on the Kirchhoff approximation. It is described how confocal imaging can be used to investigate various scattering mechanisms, and can be used for reconstruction of surface profiles in the Kirchhoff approximation.

Select this Article		Scattering probe method for diagnostics of coherent light fields Gennady R. Lockshin, S. L. Klenov, Valeri V. Anisimov, and V. E. Bielonuchkin Proc. SPIE 2108, 243 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165388 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Scattering probe method for diagnostics of coherent light field is suggested. The method allows us to transform spatial distribution of amplitude and phase of light field into the time- modulated response of a point photodetector.

Select this Article		Interference methods for surface roughness measurement Oleg V. Angelsky and Peter P. Maksimyak Proc. SPIE 2108, 246 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165389 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The relationship between statistical structure parameters of rough surface and associated correlation parameters of scattered field is used to develop the methods for rough surface diagnostics. The treatment is based on the model of random phase object with inhomogeneity phase dispersion (sigma) (psi) O² < 1. The proposed diagnostic methods are applicable to surfaces with roughness period comparable to the radiation wavelength employed, thin plane-parallel plate surfaces, plane low-reflectance surfaces, and arbitrarily shaped surfaces. The sensitivity limit of the methods in measuring the standard deviation of surface profile from base line is about 0.003 micrometers .

Select this Article		Correlation technique of investigation of nonstationary laser emissions Airat K. Amerov, Volodymyr S. Ovechko, Petros T. Petrosian, and Vladimir L. Strizshevskii Proc. SPIE 2108, 253 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165390 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Investigations of correlation parameters of short and supershort pulse laser emission in near IR region (YAG:Nd, glass:Nd, HF lasers, and so on) collide with certain difficulties. The results of the investigation of correlation by means of nonlinear optics technique have been presented. The problems that have been solved theoretically and experimentally are: (1) temporal and spatial correlation functions; (2) pico- and femtosecond durations measurements; and (3) cross correlation functions for different frequency optical signals.

Select this Article		Referenceless holograms in coherent filtering and image processing systems R. N. Besaha, Igor I. Mokhun, and V. V. Yatsenko Proc. SPIE 2108, 261 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165391 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The field in the correlation plane of a referenceless hologram used as a matched filter is shown to be the result of interference between different components of the reconstructed and the reconstructing fields. The intensity of the unchanged parts of the field is shown to depend on the correlation between the original field, and to be described by a mutual correlation function c(x,y). Limiting cases, c(x,y) yields 0 and c(x,y) equals 1 are considered. Also considered is the case when changes in the readout fields are limited to small changes in the secondary source phases.

Select this Article		Algorithms of nonlinear digital filtering for homodyne speckle interferometer signal processing Dmitry A. Zimnyakov, Serge A. Lepestkin, and I. I. Polyakov Proc. SPIE 2108, 267 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165392 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract For measuring of small and supersmall velocities of rough surfaces vibration the algorithms of nonlinear digital filtering of homodyne speckle interferometer signals have been developed. These algorithms can be used for the designing of special signal processing digital systems with the on-line mode operation. The results of the noise characteristics estimations of the developed algorithms depending on their parameters and properties of the processed signal are given.

Select this Article		Investigation of dependence of dynamic partially developed speckle-field contrast on rough-surface statistical characteristics Andrey A. Bednov and Sergey S. Ulyanov Proc. SPIE 2108, 273 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165393 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Relations describing the behavior of the contrast and intensity fluctuations correlation time for the statistically inhomogeneous speckle-field were obtained in this paper provided that the field was formed at a focused Gaussian beams diffraction on moving rough surfaces. The relationship between these values and rough surface parameters has been investigated. Experimental results may serve as the basis for the method of measurement for dispersion and profile correlation length.

Select this Article		Mathematical and physical modeling of holographic testing scheme of telescope optical system Mikhail A. Gan, Igor S. Potyemin, Vadim V. Smirnov, E. B. Brui, B. I. Petrov, Anatoly F. Perveev, and N. L. Travnikova Proc. SPIE 2108, 281 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165394 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The results of efforts concerning the creation of a testing system of the wavefront deformations in a telescope optical highway based on use of the holographic optical element (HOE) are presented. Mathematical modeling of the holographic testing scheme and its correlation with telescope performance are made in frames of geometrical and wave optics. The principals of HOE recording on the basis of relief-phase holography combined with ion- chemical processing are carried out. The results of physical modeling of the holographic testing scheme are presented.

Select this Article		Analysis of wave aberrations of holographic deflector for laser scanning systems Mikhail A. Gan and Vadim V. Novoselskiy Proc. SPIE 2108, 293 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165395 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract A high resolution all-holographic line scanner for use in diode laser printers has been developed. In this article some aspects and results of the calculation of a scanning device with holographic deflectors based on HOE with variable spatial frequency are discussed.

Select this Article		Optical method for nondestructive measurement of a velocity distribution in a flow of scattering particles S. L. Klenov and Gennady R. Lockshin Proc. SPIE 2108, 303 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165396 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract An optical method is suggested for nondestructive measurement of a velocity distribution in a flow of light scattering particles. Photocurrent spectrum of a point photodetector is found to reproduce a velocity distribution function of scattering particles.

Select this Article		Adaptive method of light beam transfer through a distorted interface of two media V. N. Ben', E. V. Ivakin, Anatoly I. Kitsak, Alexander M. Lazaruk, Alexander S. Rubanov, and F. Rutkovski Proc. SPIE 2108, 306 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165397 \| Cited 1 time Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract An adaptive system for divergence reduction of optical radiation passing through a waved interface of two different media has been investigated. The proposed approach provides one- way transfer of signal. The effectiveness of the method has been experimentally confirmed.

Select this Article		Holographic tunable selector of radiation Vadim V. Smirnov Proc. SPIE 2108, 310 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165399 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The principle and main optical parameters of a tunable selector of radiation on the base of thick holographic mirrors are discussed.

Select this Article		Application of the dynamic holography for study of light adaptation process of the purple membranes Elena Y. Korchemskaya, Marat S. Soskin, and Nicolai N. Vsevolodov Proc. SPIE 2108, 314 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165400 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The light adaptation of the purple membranes in polymeric environment under laser irradiation has been researched by means of the dynamic holographic method. Holographic parameters stability of the photosensitive materials based on bacteriorhodopsin (BR) has been studied.

Select this Article		Solution of x-ray diffraction inverse problems in optics A. M. Raransky, J. M. Struk, Igor M. Fodchuk, and M. D. Raransky Proc. SPIE 2108, 320 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165401 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract There are more than a dozen different methods of diagnostic and control of the structural purity of materials which are used in modern micro- and optoelectronics. Each of them has their own strong and weak points, range and fields of use. Usually a couple of different methods are used in research together. The advantage of using x-ray methods against optical (in solving the problem of distorted crystal) is that interferention of coherent beams is not on artificial diffraction lattice but on crystal lattice of the researching object. It permits us to expand researching ranges of crystal structures distortions. The privilege of x-ray methods (like x-ray interferometry and diffractometry) is that they are nondestructive, noncontact, fast, do not require expensive equipment, and are highly sensitive. Unique information about deformation locations and electronic density as a function of width (from a few monolayers) can be determined from their use.

Select this Article		Diffraction efficiency optimization of Bragg deflectors with phased acoustic arrays Alexandr V. Kisil, Andry V. Kovalenko, and Vitalij N. Kurashov Proc. SPIE 2108, 327 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165402 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Harnessing phased acoustic arrays for extending the operating range of optical deflectors is well known and investigated by a number of researchers. Usually, it was supposed, that acoustic waves are excited in contra-phase, or with phase difference linear dependent on wave frequency. These modes of excitation are easily achieved in deflectors of simple design, but they do not provide strict consistency between acoustic wave front and Bragg angle when scanning the optical beam. To investigate possibilities of multielement deflector with individual control of channels in phased acoustic array we examined light diffraction on a sequence of ultrasonic waves in isotropic medium.

Select this Article		Optoelectronic system of digital holographic image processing Alexandr G. Chumakov, Alexandr V. Kisil, Andry V. Kovalenko, Vitalij N. Kurashov, N. G. Nakhodkin, and Dmitrij V. Podanchuk Proc. SPIE 2108, 332 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165403 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract In this research we have generalized the experience of the optical data processing laboratory on investigation, elaboration, and design of the multifunctional hybrid optical-electronic systems, which may be used for analysis and recognition of images, textures, and wide-band time signals.

Select this Article		Karhunen-Loeve basis synthesis for great-capacity signal performance in optical processors Alexandr G. Chumakov and Vitalij N. Kurashov Proc. SPIE 2108, 338 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165404 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract This paper describes in detail the effective procedure for Karhunen-Loeve basis synthesis, offered by the authors for statistical ensembles, permitting a limited size teaching set. Unlike the classical Karhunen-Loeve procedure, the main factor, restricting its application and determining the number of required calculations for basis formation, is not the dimension of the encoding signal itself but the number of elements in the input basic set. This allows us to apply this procedure to the objects of grate capacity (up to 10⁶ - 10⁸ counts), that is usual for optical processed signals. Examples of effective real signal coding are given.

Select this Article		Holographic testing of relief with submicron accuracy Yuri N. Zakharov Proc. SPIE 2108, 343 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165405 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Diffuse surface relief profile is obtained by contour map generation with the help of multiple- wavelength holography at basic and doubled frequencies of ruby laser. Correlation with etalon may also be produced.

Select this Article		Solid state tunable laser for space-and-time-domain holography A. A. Babin, Felix I. Feldchtein, A. B. Kiselev, Alexey I. Korytin, Alexander M. Sergeev, and Yuri N. Zakharov Proc. SPIE 2108, 345 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165406 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Application of Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser for 3-D image holographic recording of superfast processes in its temporal development is offered. Pulse shortening leads to time resolution improvement of the systems.

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Holographic and Integrated Optical Simulation of Neural Networks and Development of Optical Porcessors for Various Applications

Select this Article		Application of photorefractive fiber holograms to interconnections, switchings, and massive memories Francis T. S. Yu Proc. SPIE 2108, 348 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165407 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract We illustrate a technique of constructing a single crystal photorefractive (PR) fiber hologram. Because of its physical length (a few centimeters), high angular and wavelength selectivities can be achieved, in which massive holographic data storage can be performed. Because of high electro-optic constant of the PR fiber, it can be used as optical switches, as well as for optical interconnections. Preliminary experiments are provided in this paper.

Select this Article		Unique optical fiber amplifier with periodic gain and index corrugations Heihachi Sato and Yuji Azumai Proc. SPIE 2108, 354 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165408 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Introducing either a uniform square shaped or chirped sinusoidal corrugation onto the gain and/or the refractive index of an optical fiber, it is theoretically investigated that extremely high-gain optical fiber amplifier is feasible for optical communication, signal processing, and measurement fields. A gain of more than 15 dB is obtainable with the gain corrugation (Delta) (gamma) equals 0.05/m around a specific corrugation period (xi) equals 0.333 in comparison with a uniform gain fiber. Inducing the index corrugation (Delta) n in addition to (Delta) (gamma) tends to shorten the effective fiber length for yielding the same gain. Furthermore, introducing the chirping into the gain corrugation, its transmission gain is more enhanced by about 5 dB and tolerance of the setting of the corrugation period (xi) is rather relaxed with wider spectrum bandwidth.

Select this Article		Influence of spatial field distribution on laser operation Pawel Szczepanski Proc. SPIE 2108, 360 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165410 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Spatial field effects in various aspects of the laser operation are discussed. These effects are investigated in Fabry-Perot as well as distributed feedback lasers. In particular, influence of the spatial field distribution on the output power, relaxation oscillations, and noise level in the laser structures are discussed.

Select this Article		Coherence modulation of light based on time correlation of lightwaves Jean-Pierre Goedgebuer, Henri Porte, and Nadia Butterlin Proc. SPIE 2108, 368 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165411 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract `Coherence Modulation of Light' makes use of the so-called `fringes of superposition' which are produced by time correlations of wave groups of light featuring a short coherence length. We show how such interference phenomena in broadband light can be used to imprint several signals simultaneously on light without crosstalk. This method can be advantageously used in a number of applications in optical telecommunications and optical computing.

Select this Article		Optical waveguide-grating filters Robert Magnusson and Peter Wang Proc. SPIE 2108, 380 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165439 \| Cited 6 times Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The guided-mode resonance characteristics of planar dielectric waveguide gratings with arbitrary grating slant are discussed. These all-dielectric structures can operate as high- efficiency, narrow-line reflective filters. Expressions and graphs defining the resonance regimes and the resonance locations and their separations for TE and TM modes are given. It is shown that the typically asymmetric filter response found when the filter is in asymmetric waveguide-grating geometry can be made nearly symmetric by proper choice of the thickness. A three-wave analytical solution for the case of normal incidence on an unslanted waveguide grating is derived and verified by comparison with rigorously calculated results. Example results describing the resonance behavior under Gaussian beam illumination show that if the angular spectrum of the Gaussian beam can be accommodated within the angular corridor of the waveguide-grating filter, a high-efficiency resonance can occur. There are numerous potential applications of the guided-mode resonance effects described in this paper such as laser resonator mirrors and narrow-line reflection filters as well as new thin-film antireflection resonant structures, polarizers, and electro-optical switches.

Select this Article		Normal incidence optical IC S. V. Kudryavtsev, Igor I. Mokhun, S. N. Roslyakov, and M. O. Sopin Proc. SPIE 2108, 392 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165412 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract A new approach to fabrication of angular position sensors based on optical ICs is proposed. Capabilities of such sensors are evaluated both theoretically and experimentally.

Select this Article		Diffraction gratings in a system of two radiationally coupled waveguides S. M. Loktev, V. L. Maslennikov, Vladimir A. Sychugov, Alexandre V. Tishchenko, and Boris A. Usievich Proc. SPIE 2108, 399 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165413 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract A system of two radiationally coupled waveguides is proposed for remote coupling implementation. Radiation loss coefficient and coupling length are determined for two different designs of radiationally coupled waveguides: corrugated and leaky. Remote coupling over a 95 micrometers distance in a pair of radiationally coupled waveguides is demonstrated experimentally for the first time.

Select this Article		Image reconstruction and transformation using systems with referenceless holograms R. N. Besaha, Igor I. Mokhun, and V. V. Yatsenko Proc. SPIE 2108, 406 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165414 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Recent attempts aimed at developing holographic neural networks and associative memories have stimulated interest to the problems of coherent correlation processing of optical data. Finding new approaches to the reconstruction of the optical field amplitude and phase from its intensity distribution is also a topical problem. In the present work, correlation filters, based on referenceless holograms (RH), are proposed which are the necessary components of neural networks and associative memories. The RH was first introduced as a generalized correlation filter by Van Heerden. A RH is the scattered field intensity recorded on a recording medium. Image reconstruction from such a hologram is based on its associative properties, which take effect when a field (or its part) which is the same as (or similar to) the original object field, is used as the reconstructing field.

Select this Article		Pattern recognition by optical neural network based on the optical correlator Alexander V. Pavlov and Eugene I. Shubnikov Proc. SPIE 2108, 413 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165415 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The possibilities of the optical neural network formed by placing the optical correlator in a linear resonator to realize the vectors comparison and image preparation are discussed. The adaptive neural network model to pattern recognize on the complex background is proposed. The optical implementation of that NN model is discussed.

Select this Article		Correlation processing of single-fiber multimode interferometer deformation signals Yuri N. Kulchin, Oleg B. Vitrik, and Oleg V. Kirichenko Proc. SPIE 2108, 420 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165416 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract New correlation methods of single fiber multi mode interferometer signal processing based on intensity correlation filter and on correlation holographical filter are developed. It is shown that this filter's output power directly depends on correlation coefficient of deformed and undeformed single fiber interferometer interference signals. It allows us to measure the value of interferometer deformation. It is shown that the holographical filter allows us to provide bigger dynamic range of measurement than the interferometer correlation filter.

Select this Article		Optical memory array device based on the phenomenon of optical transversal autosolitones A. N. Rakhmanov and Victor I. Shmalhausen Proc. SPIE 2108, 428 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165417 \| Cited 5 times Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Transversal diffraction autosolitones present in an optical system containing Kerr nonlinear slice, Zernike filter, and a feedback mirror are mathematically described. A model of this system utilizing a liquid crystal-photoconductor spatial light modulator is experimentally investigated. An optical array memory device for digital information storage based on these autosolitones is experimentally developed.

Select this Article		Informative properties of second-order holograms Peter V. Polyanskii Proc. SPIE 2108, 435 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165418 \| Cited 1 time Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Imaging properties of a second-order hologram (SOH), i.e., a thin off-axis hologram with the amplitude transmittance involving expansion terms up to quadratic in exposure, are investigated. It is shown that by reading such a hologram by a partial or distorted object image it is possible to obtain a complex conjugate associative response, i.e., reconstruct a conjugate object image. The advantages of a SOH over the linearly recorded 2-D and even 3-D ghost- image holograms are in that it is capable of reproducing the original intensity distribution in the conjugate image and permits a reciprocal associative reconstruction of noninterfering complicated wave fronts. Also discussed are the associative properties of volume SOH.

Select this Article		Planar integrated optical gyro Yuri V. Bayborodin, Lyudmila I. Konopaltseva, A. F. Ladenko, and A. I. Maschenko Proc. SPIE 2108, 443 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165419 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract One of the fundamental applications of integrated optics is the development of miniature optical gyros for navigation and airborne vehicle control systems. The integrated optical ring passive resonator (RPR) was proposed as one of the possible realizations of a sensitive element for such gyros. It presents a closed-loop channel waveguide made on a substrate of optical quality with which two Y-splitters are optically and symmetrically connected. The first splitter is connected in a homogeneous section with the external radiation source and serves for excitation in the closed-loop wave-guide for the two light waves, one of which propagates in clockwise direction and the other in counterclockwise direction. The second Y-splitter extracts some part of circulating radiations out of the closed-loop waveguide circuit and directs it to the photodetector, detecting the intensity of a superpositioned field.

Select this Article		Extended optical correlator system: properties and applications Nazif Demoli Proc. SPIE 2108, 449 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165421 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The extended optical correlator system is a three-lens coherent correlator with the three separated planes available for spatial filtering of signals. The preprocessing of signals in two separated planes is also separated from the matched filtering. A typical preprocessing procedure is presented. Usefulness of a special type of matched filter referred to as the quasi phase-only filter is also discussed.

Select this Article		Research on optical-electric pattern recognition of distortion invariance by dynamic filtering Peijian An, Lahu Wang, and Aifen Yang Proc. SPIE 2108, 456 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165422 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The design method of a filter with dynamic filtering and statistic processing of correlation data is presented. This filter incorporated into an optical-digital hybrid system is used for the distortion invariance (shift, scale, rotation, and intensity) recognition of target image. Computer simulation and experiments demonstrate the system's ability to detect a target which is generated in large distortion.

Select this Article		Surface-doped sillenite crystals for integrated optics Valeri A. Voznesensky and George S. Svechnikov Proc. SPIE 2108, 461 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165423 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract A diffusion technique for the fabrication of waveguide structures in Bi₁₂GeO₂₀,Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ crystals is described. The infrared reflection spectroscopy for the different waveguides thickness has been used to clarify the diffusion mechanism. Reflection spectra of the crystals with different thicknesses of doped layer shows that doping ions formed a chemical bond with oxygen in the tetrahedral environment. In this case doping ions replace Ge, Bi, an Si ions in the crystals unit. Integrated optic waveguides with losses no higher than 1.5 - 2.0 dB/cm for near IR wavelength operation have been successfully formed.

Select this Article		Monolithic integrated optical device S. D. Kiyashko, Alexander M. Kamuz, E. U. Ovsyannikov, Pavel F. Oleksenko, and Oksana N. Stril'chuk Proc. SPIE 2108, 467 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165424 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The integrated optical monolithic device which transforms the optical signal on electrical signal has been manufactured by means of new simple technology. This technology offers to consistently make taper channel waveguide, channel waveguide, and diffractive grating by means of a changing of the refractive index of planar CdSSe waveguide by surface-absorbed laser emission. In order to measure optical signal in channel waveguide the local waveguide photoresistor which has a good photosensitivity in the red wavelength range was formed on its surface. The ratio of dark resistance to resistance under illumination is 10² - 10³.

Select this Article		Some distinctions of diffractive grating writing on the platelet CdS single crystal Alexander M. Kamuz, A. I. Pocherpailo, Sergey V. Svechnikov, and Oksana N. Stril'chuk Proc. SPIE 2108, 470 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165425 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The process of diffractive grating writing on the surface of low and high resistance CdS platelet single crystals was studied. It is shown that this grating has no relief and represents a periodical modulation of refractive index on the surface of crystal.

Select this Article		Dynamics of lasing of the waveguide microlaser utilizing a thin-platelet single crystal of CdS V. V. Batin, Alexander M. Kamuz, Pavel F. Oleksenko, and Oksana N. Stril'chuk Proc. SPIE 2108, 473 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165426 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The dynamics of lasing of the CdS-microlaser have been studied experimentally under the conditions of 10 ns pumping pulses of N₂-laser with (lambda) equals 0.3371 micrometers . It was found that the microlaser oscillates in pulse operation during single pulse pumping. The number of pulses and their durations depend on the efficiency of pumping. Depending on laser threshold overrun we observed from 1 to 6 pulses with durations (FWHM) 0.172 to 0.735 ns. We assume that the CdS-microlaser oscillation's peculiarities are similar to passively Q- switched lasers with a nonlinear saturated absorber. This platelet microlaser may be used in monolith integrated opticalics for optical computers and nonlinear optical devices and systems.

Select this Article		Research on the dependence of diffractive losses of generating modes of the CdS microlaser on the parameters of a waveguide resonator Alexander M. Kamuz, S. V. Luk'yanov, Pavel F. Oleksenko, and Oksana N. Stril'chuk Proc. SPIE 2108, 477 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165427 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract In this paper it is shown that diffractive losses which arise on facets of CdS-micro laser resonator have different values for different transverse modes. These values are determined by the waveguide resonator parameters (thickness and index). Influence of index changes which arise in the process of laser generation, on diffractive losses in the resonator, is insignificant.

Select this Article		Temperature variation of optical bistability of a semiconductor Bohdan M. Nitsovich, V. N. Vivcharyuk, and I. M. Grigorashuk Proc. SPIE 2108, 481 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165428 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The effect of the phonon subsystem of a crystal on laser absorption is considered. The exciton- phonon interaction is shown to result in a nonlinear behavior of absorption as a function of exciton gas density. The output light intensity is calculated as a function of temperature and the temperature range in which optical bistability occurs is established.

Select this Article		New information methods for the development of integrated optics design Anatoly E. Volosovich, Lyudmila I. Konopaltseva, and Mikhael M. Semerenko Proc. SPIE 2108, 486 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165429 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Computer-aided design of integrated optics has been considered. The new method of designing complicated wares using a neuron-similar knowledge base in expert media has been proposed. The three-link structure of integrated optics using new information technology has been represented.

Select this Article		Holographic testing of optical elements and systems using computer-generated in-line holograms N. P. Larionov, Anatoly V. Lukin, S. V. Mavrin, K. S. Mustafin, Alexander A. Nyushkin, and R. A. Rafikov Proc. SPIE 2108, 490 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165430 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Capability of computer holograms to form wave fields of physically nonexisting objects shows promise in production and investigation of optical systems of different purposes. Investigations directed at producing computer-generated hologram optical elements (CGHOE) for detailed studying aberration characteristics of optical elements and systems at different stages of their design and fabrication take a particular place. Moreover aberrations may be due to such optical system construction features as external factors (technology and deformation defects).

Select this Article		Four-grating holographic interferometer Anatoly V. Lukin Proc. SPIE 2108, 495 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165432 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract In the past few years advances in the fabrication technology of diffraction optical elements have given rise to the development of a variety of interferometric devices for various applications. At present obtaining high-quality highly efficient hologram and ruled diffraction gratings as large as several hundred millimeters in size is no longer a problem. This enables us to design a twin-wave interferometer which is equivalent to the conventional four-mirror Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a working field of 300 - 400 mm, but our device is characterized by a significantly higher vibration-resistance capability and easy to adjust.

Select this Article		Open test and measurement systems application in holography and optics Yury V. Demchenko and Mikhael M. Semerenko Proc. SPIE 2108, 498 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165433 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The Open Test and Measurement Systems (OTMS) conception and generalized OTMS model are discussed in this paper. The following levels are defined in the model: object, physical, data, application, and manufacturing. VXIbus based OTMS realization and its benefits are discussed concerning applications for integral optics and golography.

Select this Article		Corrugated waveguide excitation by normal-incidence light beam Vladimir A. Sychugov, Alexandre V. Tishchenko, and Olivier M. Parriaux Proc. SPIE 2108, 503 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165434 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The analysis of a corrugated waveguide excitation by normally incident light beam is carried out and the conditions for optimum waveguide mode excitation are determined in the case of a finite size grating region.

Select this Article		Investigation of neuronlike photorefractive integrated structures based on ferroelectric crystals of lead magnesium niobate Anatoly A. Berezhnoy, Vladimir B. Volkonski, and Lyudmila I. Konopaltseva Proc. SPIE 2108, 506 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165435 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Presently the creation of advanced computational means is closely connected with the development of neuron-like structures with the computation principle based on the dynamic evolution process of these structures under the input signal effect. There are numerous physical principles of implementation of neuron-like computational structures. However, the most promising is the creation of such structures on the optical principles basis. Such prospects are first of all related to the spatial character of the information transmitted by the optical radiation.

Select this Article		Hybrid integro-optical radio-signal processor Andrey A. Vetrov and Vladimir B. Volkonski Proc. SPIE 2108, 509 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165436 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract A real device for optimal broadband signal processing is described. The device handles signals of short and long duration and operates at the real time scale. It has been manufactured with the usage of the integro-optical technology for forming the acousto-optical element. The device includes an additional chirp generator and delay line on SAW. It can operate in the modes of mutual correlation function determination, two signals convolution, and broadband or high resolution spectrum analysis. The possible areas for its application are discussed.

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New Applications of Holographic and Correlation Optics Methods in Medicine and Biology

Select this Article		Holographic solar concentrators for space Jacques E. Ludman, Nadya O. Reingand, and Irina V. Semenova Proc. SPIE 2108, 514 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165437 \| Cited 1 time Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The subject matter of this report is the study of opportunities of solar energy conversion into electricity in space by systems including holographic concentrators. The top efficiency of such systems was analyzed. The parameters of dichromated gelatin emulsion layers to be used for hologram recording as well as the recording geometry were studied.

Select this Article		Determination of blood components by optical reflection spectra Airat K. Amerov, Tatyana V. Lisenko, Nicolai M. Pokrasion, Vladimir L. Strizshevskii, and Elena G. Sulima Proc. SPIE 2108, 521 (1993); http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165438 Online Publication Date: Apr 26, 2005 Full Text: \| Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The new method of non invasive determination of blood components concentration -- bilirubin and hemoglobin -- was analyzed with the help of optic spectra of reflection from the skin surface and subcutaneous tissues. It is based on the registration of non-linear relation between optoelectronic characteristics of spectra of reflection, received and worked up for some wavelengths and concentration of studying components. This correlation is manifested most brightly and differs radically from a linear one in its sphere of relatively high concentrations with regard to patients.

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Field Guide to Geometrical Optics

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