An interesting scientific problem lies in the investigation of intense thunderstorms and their characteristics at a regional level. The Nizhny Novgorod Lightning Detection Network (NNLDN) has been recently implemented, enabling the realtime monitoring of thunderstorm activity in the region. This network serves as a valuable tool for issuing timely thunderstorm warnings and triggering measurement equipment designed to capture the high-frequency radio emissions emitted by nearby thunderstorms. This paper outlines the structure of the NNLDN, elucidates its operational principles, and presents the findings of recent observations conducted by the NNLDN.
The work is devoted to investigate the aerosols influence on the parameters of thunderclouds. Numerical simulations of thunderstorms in Nizhny Novgorod region using the WRF-ARW model with parameterizations of microphysics with and without aerosols were compared. Also the modeling radar reflectivity was compared with the radar data. In line with the simulations of the change in CAPE the following features were detected: when aerosols are taken into account, the area occupied by a convective event increases, and the peak of convective activity shifts in time. Thus, consideration of aerosols in mesoscale modeling of atmospheric dynamics and electrification processes is important.
The paper considers the effects associated with the influence of aerosols on the electric parameters of thunderclouds on the example of several thunderstorms in the Nizhny Novgorod region. The studies of the features arising when aerosol particles are taken into account are carried out using numerical simulation of thunderstorms with the use of the WRFARW model, supplemented by the parameterization of the electric processes, with two parameterizations of microphysics, one of which describes only hydrometeors, and the other also takes into account the presence of aerosol particles. The calculation results showed that the presence of aerosol particles affects both the microphysical and electrical structure of thunderclouds. It was found that in all the considered cases, accounting for aerosols led to an increase in the duration and scale of the thunderstorm.
In this paper, we compared lightning activity over territories with different aerosol loads on the example of a megacity (Moscow), a metropolis (Nizhny Novgorod) and a sparsely populated area without large cities, but exposed to forest fires (central Siberia). The general patterns of thunderstorms during convective seasons, as well as the characteristic features of thunderstorms in each of the territories under consideration, are revealed. The analysis of the results of modeling the distributions of the electric potential for thunderstorms in the territories under consideration was carried out, which made it possible to identify differences in the electric parameters of thunderclouds for territories with different aerosol loads, which directly affect the occurrence of the electric discharges and lightning activity.
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