Curriculum learning is a learning technique in which a classifier learns from easy samples first and then from increasingly difficult samples. On similar lines, a curriculum based feature selection framework is proposed for identifying most useful features in a dataset. Given a dataset, first, easy and difficult samples are identified. In general, the number of easy samples is assumed larger than difficult samples. Then, feature selection is done in two stages. In the first stage a fast feature selection method which gives feature scores is used. Feature scores are then updated incrementally with the set of difficult samples. The existing feature selection methods are not incremental in nature; entire data needs to be used in feature selection. The use of curriculum learning is expected to decrease the time needed for feature selection with classification accuracy comparable to the existing methods. Curriculum learning also allows incremental refinements in feature selection as new training samples become available. Our experiments on a number of standard datasets demonstrate that feature selection is indeed faster without sacrificing classification accuracy.
This paper summarizes the findings of a cooperative effort between NOVA Gas Transmission Ltd. (NGTL), the Italian Natural Gas Transmission Company (SNAM), and Arista International, Inc., to determine whether current remote sensing technologies can be utilized to monitor small-scale ground movements over vast geographical areas. This topic is of interest due to the potential for small ground movements to cause strain accumulation in buried pipeline facilities. Ground movements are difficult to monitor continuously, but their cumulative effect over time can have a significant impact on the safety of buried pipelines. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR or SARI) is identified as the most promising technique of those considered. InSAR analysis involves combining multiple images from consecutive passes of a radar imaging platform. The resulting composite image can detect changes as small as 2.5 to 5.0 centimeters (based on current analysis methods and radar satellite data of 5 centimeter wavelength). Research currently in progress shows potential for measuring ground movements as small as a few millimeters. Data needed for InSAR analysis is currently commercially available from four satellites, and additional satellites are planned for launch in the near future. A major conclusion of the present study is that InSAR technology is potentially useful for pipeline integrity monitoring. A pilot project is planned to test operational issues.
Morphological algorithms for the parallel quantification and modeling of Gaussian image features are described. These algorithms are applicable to any image generation process which distributes the gray-scale values according to a normal distribution. Morphological operators can be applied to the image data to obtain two parameter images, one consisting of mean positions and amplitudes and the other consisting of estimates of standard deviations, which are then used to 'grow' (in parallel) the predicted Gaussian surfaces. Two methods to decompose and modulate the growth process (using the parameters images) are considered. One method grows the predicted Gaussian surface in terms of an approximating binomial distribution. The other method grows the desired Gaussian from smaller Gaussians of varying standard deviations.
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