Carbon dioxide (CO2) is an inodorous and transparent gas, and naturally originates in our atmosphere. Due to its optical characteristics, CO2 is the most important greenhouse gas and play a key role in climate change due to an effective thermal infrared (IR) radiation absorber. Satellite observations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) can significantly improve our knowledge about the sources and sinks of CO2. The remote sensing satellite, namely Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) was employed to investigate the spatial and variations of CO2 column-averaged dry airmole fractions, denoted XCO2 over Peninsular Malaysia from January 2013 to December 2013. The analysis of CO2 in the study area shows the significant differences between northeast monsoon (NEM) and the southwest monsoon (SWM). During NEM season, cold air outbreaks from Siberia spreads to equatorial region in the form of north-easterly cold surge winds and associated with a low-level anticyclone over Southeast Asia. Inversely, air masses from the southwest contribute to long–range air pollution due to transportation of atmospheric CO2 by wind is associated with biomass burning in Sumatra, Indonesia. The GOSAT data and the Satellite measurements are able to measure the increase of the atmosphere CO2 values over different regions.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the original PALSAR radar, and radar texture, for land cover classification.
The primary methodology was standard image processing, including spectral signature extraction and the application
of a statistical decision rule to classify the surface features .Seven land covers were identified and the probability of
correct classification of classes was assessed by using the Transformed Divergence (TD) separability measures. TD
values were obtained for all original and texture derived bands along with various multiple band combinations. The
radar texture bands greatly improved upon the TD values in comparison to the original radar values. Combination of
original radar and radar texture bands consistently showed excellent Transformed Divergence (TD) separability. The
use of texture was able to improve separability between different land cover/use classes.
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