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Fangyuan Zhao

at North China University of Technology

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Proceedings Article | 12 October 2022 Paper

Multi-modal transformer for video retrieval using improved sentence embeddings

Zhi Liu, Fangyuan Zhao, Mengmeng Zhang

Proceedings Volume 12342, 1234221 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2643741

KEYWORDS: Video, Computer programming, Transformers, Video acceleration, Feature extraction, Visualization, Fourier transforms, Optical character recognition, Motion models, Data modeling

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With the explosive growth of the number of online videos, video retrieval becomes increasingly difficult. Multi-modal visual and language understanding based video-text retrieval is one of the mainstream framework to solve this problem. Among them, MMT (Multi-modal Transformer) is a novel and mainstream model. On the language side, BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representation for Transformers) is used to encode text, where the pretrained BERT will be fine tuned during training. However, there exists a mismatch in this stage. The pre-training tasks of BERT is based on NSP (Next Sentence Prediction) and MLM(masked language model) which have weak correlation with video retrieval. For text encoder will encode text into semantic embeddings. On the visual side, Transformer is used to aggregate multimodal experts of videos. We find that the output of visual transformer is not fully utilized. In this paper, a sentence- BERT model is introduced to substitute BERT model in MMT to improve sentence embeddings efficiency. In addition, a max-pooling layer is adopted after Transformer to improve the utilization efficiency of the output of the model. Experiment results show that the proposed model outperforms MMT.

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