Dr. Hideaki Miyamoto Profile

Dr. Hideaki Miyamoto

at Univ of Tokyo

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Proceedings Article | 15 April 2008 Paper

Granular processes on Itokawa, a small near-Earth asteroid: implications for resource utilization

Hideaki Miyamoto, Jeffrey Kargel, Wolfgang Fink, Roberto Furfaro

Proceedings Volume 6960, 69600I (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.784634

KEYWORDS: Asteroids, Space operations, Particles, Image resolution, Robotics, Metals, Head, Space robots, Mining, Solar system

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Crucial questions for possible utilization of Near Earth Asteroids include how to break asteroid materials down to particle sizes that can be processed. This remained difficult to answer because of the limited number and resolutions of images previous obtained through asteroid missions. Recently, the Hayabusa spacecraft obtained unprecedentedly high-resolution images of a ~300m-sized asteroid, Itokawa, which gives unique opportunity to discuss the nature of surface materials on a small asteroid. Hayabusa reveals that the asteroid is covered by fine- and coarse-grained materials, including granules, pebbles, cobbles, and boulders up to tens of meters. Gravels on this small asteroid appear to be loosely deposited along the gravitational equipotential surfaces. The existence of smooth areas as well as boulder-rich rough areas indicate that gravels should have experienced migrations and segregations. Thus, the issue regarding the breaking of asteroid materials appears to have been resolved naturally, at least for this asteroid, which has important implications for future robotic missions dedicated to resource exploration and utilization.

Proceedings Article | 15 April 2008 Paper

Robotic resource exploration is a key to human expansion through the cosmos

Jeffrey Kargel, Wolfgang Fink, Roberto Furfaro, Hideaki Miyamoto

Proceedings Volume 6960, 69600F (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.784643

KEYWORDS: Mars, Asteroids, Manufacturing, Robotics, Solar system, Minerals, Stars, Planets, Mining, Metals

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If the goal of planetary exploration is to build a permanent and expanding, self-sustaining extraterrestrial civilization, then clever and myriad uses must be made of planetary resources. Resources must be identified and evaluated according to their practicality. A new economy should be devised based on resource occurrence, ore accessibility, options for ore transport, material beneficiation, and manufacturing; end uses and demand; and full economic cost/benefit assessment. Locating and evaluating these resources should be done with coordinated robotic assets arrayed in orbit and on the surface. Sensor arrays and tandem on-ground means of physical manipulation of rocks should incorporate highly capable onboard data processing, feature detection, and quantification of material properties; intelligent decision making; a flexible capacity to re-order priorities and act on those priorities in carrying out exploration programs; and human-robot interaction. As resource exploration moves into exploitation, sensors working in tandem with robust physical manipulation will place increased emphasis on automation in effective and safe robotic quarrying, tunneling, boring, and ore beneficiation. Any new global planetary economy will have to weigh the efficiency of resource identification and utilization with full-spectrum cost/benefit assessment for human health and safety, the environment, future habitability and sustainability, and human priorities in the development and growth of civilization. It makes no sense to rove from one planet to another in a wave of resource use and depletion, like interplanetary locusts. Robotic systems will open new worlds to human use, but they will also place a premium on human ability to control exponentially growing consumption.

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