Mr. Jean-Paul Badjo Profile

Jean-Paul Badjo

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Proceedings Article | 8 June 2022 Paper

Efficacy of ferromagnetic cores on the performance of TMS coils

Hedyeh Bagherzadeh, Sravani Varanasi, Jean-Paul Badjo, Fow-Sen Choa

Proceedings Volume 12123, 121230B (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2618828

KEYWORDS: Ferromagnetics, Finite element methods, Brain, Magnetism, Brain stimulation, Signal detection, Prototyping, Optical spheres, Distance measurement, Clinical research

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Noninvasive electric stimulation-based treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders are of high interest in both research and clinical studies. Among them, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is widely accepted as a safe and effective method. Enhancing the performance of the apparatus requires stimulation of deeper brain regions which isn’t accessible with current coils due to the increased depth-spread tradeoff at deeper regions. In addition, focal rodent coils need to be developed to better understand brain stimulation mechanisms. Due to the smaller size of the rodent brain, a variety of challenges like the depth-spread tradeoff and high energy requirement arise when stimulating a functionally specific brain region. In this study, we have introduced tilted, wire-wrapped, multi-stacked coils for the purpose of enhancing brain stimulation for primates and non-primates. To improve the performance of the coils, we added different types of ferromagnetic cores to understand the efficacy of these cores on the distribution, decay rate, and the focality of the induced electric field. The analysis was performed using Finite Element Model (FEM) simulations, and the results were then verified using 3-d printed coils and experimental procedures. The performance of the coils was dependent on the relative permeability of the ferromagnetic core, demonstrating a general improvement in the focality and energy requirement of these TMS coils.

Proceedings Article | 16 April 2020 Paper

Multimodal imaging integrating structural and functional information

Jean-Paul Badjo, Po-Wei Tu

Proceedings Volume 11226, 112261V (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2550521

KEYWORDS: Multimodal imaging, Brain, Telecommunications, Biosensing, Machine learning

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This study aims to create a neurofeedback system and observe whether wearing this system assists participants in consciously changing their state of mind. Brainwaves are produced by synchronized electrical pulses from masses of neurons communicating with each other. Through the use of a Neurosky Electroencephalogram (EEG) biosensor, we can detect the brainwaves that result from neuron activity. Attention and meditation levels are two significant examples of brain activity that are reflected by the human body. Our neurofeedback system can monitor attention and meditation levels that humans are normally unable to sense. The Arduino-medium-developed program records brainwaves as attention and meditation values (eSense meter value). In addition, we constructed a vibration system that provided realtime notification to notify participants when their state of relaxation or concentration changed. With appropriate training, users of the neurofeedback system can develop strategies to control their state of mind successfully. [4]

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