Semantic segmentation on medical Computed Tomography (CT) images is of great significance to research and clinical diagnosis. However, methods based on neural network have competitive advantages for segmentation of dental CT images. In this paper, a 3D multi-feature fusion method for tooth segmentation is proposed. In order to obtain the body space of the data, first of all, the dental CT training set is compressed in NII format, and the body space data is processed; then the proposed 3D convolution network is used to train the data, extract the feature vectors, and obtain the probability distribution; to handle the situation that 3D neural network always leads to fuzzy boundary and unclear topology, the new CRF algorithm is used to refine the probability distribution which removes the redundant information generated by the neural network model, and makes the segmentation results more accurate. Compared with diverse contemporary segmentation algorithms, the effectiveness and superiority of our proposed method are verified, proving the conclusion that the supervision mechanism, neural network model components, and optimization proposed methods can improve the accuracy of tooth segmentation is reliable and valid.
Word embedding have been used in numerous Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning tasks. However, it is a high-dimensional vector field that propagate stereotypes to software applications. Its current debiasing frameworks do not completely capture its embedded patterns. In this paper, we propose deb2viz, a visual debiasing approach that explores and manipulates the high-dimensional patterns of word embedding field. First, we partition this vector field into interrelated low-dimensional subspaces to equalize and neutralize distances between gender-definitional and gender-neutral words. To further reduce gender bias, we update the distances of appropriate nearest neighbors for gender-neutral words to be arbitrarily close. Experimental results on several benchmark standards show the competitiveness of our proposed method in mitigating bias within pre-trained word2vec embedding model.
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