Phase space can be used for generalization of optical signals in high-dimension representation. In this study, from the perspective of phase space defined by space and spatial frequency, the near-eye display (NED) systems are unified as how to generate the optimal space-bandwidth product (SBP) distributions required by the human eye on the exit pupil plane. The microdisplay and NED optical system are equivalent to the input SBP and the SBP modulator, respectively. The input SBP is modulated by the NED optical system, and finally reaches the exit pupil plane to generate the desired SBP distribution. The proposed method can fully describe the performance of different NEDs, such as the field of view (FOV), exit pupil diameter (EPD), uniformity, display depth and ray aberration, etc. This unified phase-space analysis framework provides a brand-new approach for the classification of current near-eye display systems and the design of future near-eye display systems, especially the high-quality 3D display.
An integral (II) imaging method using quarter-overlapped microlens arrays (QOMLA) is proposed to improve the display performance. The principle and the simulation of POMLA is analyzed by geometric optics and wave optics, and the optical experiments verify the enhancement of performance. POMLA can double the angular sampling density of II systems in each dimension to increase the spatial resolution, and is able to construct multiple central depth planes by adjusting the gap between the two layers to expand the depth of field. Moreover, POMLA is easier to be processed compared with the same lenslets size single-layer microlens array and reduces the processing cost.
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