Built on the maser oscillator power amplifier configuration including a single mode erbium-doped fiber laser used as the
signal source and a large-mode-area Erbium/Ytterbium double-clad fiber used as the gain medium, the polarization states
of the signal light and the amplified signal light are experimentally investigated. The results show that the polarization
degree of the output of the amplifier is low without taking any polarization control measure; after inserting a polarizer in
the loop of the signal source, the degree of polarization is improved evidently and the stability of the polarization state
becomes better, whether for continuous wave operation or for mode-locked operation. The mode-locked operation had a
little lower polarization degree and a better PS's stability than the continuous wave operation of the output of the
amplifier. When introducing a polarizer in the loop of the signal, the instability of the polarization state of the output of
amplifier is mainly caused by the polarization parameter azimuth. So, the combination use of a polarizer and a
polarization controller is supposed to improve the polarization degree and the stability of the output of the amplifier,
furthermore, polarization-maintaining gain fiber is recommended to be used to avoid the random perturbation of the
environment. This work offers an important experimental basis for the control of the PS in the laser beam coherent combination.
A novel all-fiber self-organization Michelson coherent Erbium-doped fiber laser (MCEDFL) has been proposed and
demonstrated. The laser system is composed of two independent branch lasers. The two arms of the active interferometer
are spliced to a 3dB 2×2 coupler. A fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) with 95% reflectivity is spliced to one port of the coupler.
It acts as wavelength selective filter and common reflection mirror to make the two branch arms emit laser with the same
wavelength, which can conform to the coherent constraint exactly. The high reflection mirror of each laser cavity is
composed of a 3dB fiber loop mirror (FLM). The other output port of the coupler is spliced to an isolator that acts as the
MCEDFL's output port. Any feedback from this port into the MCEDFL is prevented by the isolator. When each of the
two lasers is pumped to 100mW independently, the output power is 12.1mW and 16.2mW respectively. By adjusting the
polarization controller (PC), the two lasers attain coherent coupling, the output power is 34.5mW, which is more than
two times the output power of any single laser. Furthermore, we bring forward and discuss a novel factor to denote the
effect of coherent combination—coherent coupling factor. Herein the value of coherent factor is 1.12. The advantages of
the coherent fiber, such as simple structure, high efficiency and single frequency etc, can make coherent coupling easier.
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