Elasticity and viscosity of biological tissue are closely correlated with their pathological changes. However, there is no effective method to measure the elastic and viscous property of tissue. Optical coherence elastography (OCE) utilizing optical coherence tomography (OCT) as imaging engine can assess localized mechanical properties of tissues with microscale resolution. Shear wave OCE was recently proposed to obtain the elastic modulus of linear elastic materials by detecting the shear wave speed. When traveling in viscous material, the propagation velocity of shear wave is related to the frequency of the wave and the viscoelasticity of tissue. In this paper, shear wave OCE experimental method was developed to measure the elasticity and viscosity of tissue simultaneously. Shear wave was generated by a pin fixed on a piezo stack, which was driven by a series of square wave pulses with various frequencies. OCT phase analysis method was developed to detect the dispersion of the shear wave propagation speed at multiple frequencies. The shear wave velocities were then fitted to the analytical solution of a Voigt model to solve the elastic modulus and viscosity. The measurement results of a phantom obtained by the proposed method were comparable to the results obtained by uniaxial testing, which demonstrated the effectiveness of the shear wave OCE method. Shear wave OCE is nondestructive and easy to use and has the potential to be further developed to measure the complex mechanical properties of soft materials.
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