This is a review paper about the most important laser safety procedures, it aims to implement the skills and safety awareness of lasers operation in teaching laboratories and clinical application for students and early careers who could be involved in laser operation and usage. This awareness is of great importance for individual who will be involved in dealing with lasers, as the knowledge and consistent application of laser safety procedures will guarantee a safe working environment of laser.
Wire array metamaterial cavities and waveguides can be achieved by changing the resonance frequency of one or
more unit cell surrounding by unit cells don’t support the resonance for certain frequency and hence obtain signal
confinement only on the defect wires. Changing the resonance frequency of one or more unit cell was done in this
work by changing the length of the unit cell. We validate our approach in experiment and simulation with
electromagnetic waves in the microwave range.
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