This study thoroughly examines how Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) superposition beam is attenuated by rainfall in free space, through Monte-Carlo simulations with both geometrical optics and Mie scattering theories. Unexplored in atmospheric optics, the research encompasses rainfall rates (5-100 mm/h) and a propagation distance (100 m) at wavelengths of 1064 nm. The superposition of LG modes of zero radial, but 1 and -4 azimuthal order beam exhibited 85.7% unimpeded photon transmission through moderate rainfall for 100 m by geometrical optics theory and 86.6 % by Mie scattering theory. The study develops intensity and phase profiles, emphasizing performance advantages over traditional methods in precipitation. Its outcomes are crucial for improving optical communication systems in challenging atmospheric conditions, bridging a significant gap. Empirical evidence supports LG beams' efficacy in environmental challenges, with implications for environmental monitoring, navigation, remote sensing, and a foundational framework for diverse real-world applications.

(2024) Published by SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Yuichi Isashi, Yaser M. Banad, and Sarah S. Sharif, "Analyzing Laguerre-Gaussian beams for optical communication resilience in adverse weather conditions," Proc. SPIE 13083, SPIE Future Sensing Technologies 2024, 130830O (Presented at SPIE Future Sensing Technologies: April 23, 2024; Published: 28 May 2024); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3022566.