Plasmonic apertures can concentrate optical fields into subwavelength areas, thereby enhancing the optical gradient force. This facilitates the precise trapping of nanoscale entities. Traditionally, design involved intuition followed by electromagnetic simulations with parameter variations. Here we instead use a computational algorithm is employed to create plasmonic apertures for nanoparticle trapping. These algorithmically generated apertures possess highly irregular shapes and, in conjunction with ring couplers also optimized by the algorithm, are expected to produce trapping forces over ten times stronger than those achieved with the initial double nanohole design used as the starting point for optimization. This research was published in Advanced Optical Materials in 2021 (2100758). We will also discuss recent, yet-to-be-published work that employs an inverse design approach, specifically the gradient descent method with adjoint sensitivity analysis, to develop plasmonic nanotweezers.
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