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Loose emery abrasive smoothing will probably be needed indefinitely for high quality small quantity glass surfacing as there is no economic alternative. The use of diamonds impregnated in a copper or bronze bond, for milling and lapping, is a well established process and can be justified where quantities are large enough. The technique tends to waste diamonds because they are pulled out of the bond before being worn out. Electro-plated nickel-on-diamond grinding tools have been used for milling plastics lenses for many years but recent research has shown that they can be efficient and economical for surfacing optical glass. A high concentration and good cooling with a soluble oil is achieved with economy in use of diamonds. The close-bonded crystals continue cutting until they are worn down to the nickel surface. Replating with new diamonds is practicable as an 'in house' process by the user of electro-plated tools. Because the nickel bond is not worn away the shape of the tool is retained throughout its life and so electro-plated tools have a special use where tool form must be retained. This is a desirable feature for consistent production.
D. F. Horne
"Loose Abrasives, Impregnated Diamonds And Electro-Plated Diamonds For Glass Surfacing,", Proc. SPIE 0109, Advances in Optical Production Technology I, (14 October 1977); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.955500
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D. F. Horne, "Loose Abrasives, Impregnated Diamonds And Electro-Plated Diamonds For Glass Surfacing,," Proc. SPIE 0109, Advances in Optical Production Technology I, (14 October 1977); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.955500