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There is a need to provide better imaging methods for infants as there are few good options. CT can provide reasonable image quality with limited soft tissue contrast at a cost of large radiation dose. MRI can provide better soft tissue contrast, but the small size of an infant produces poor signal to noise and thus long scan times. Both types require anesthesia, which carries a substantial mortality risk for young patients and especially sick ones. Ultrasound imaging has been principally relegated to relatively simple applications in in orthopedics and diagnostics due to the inability to achieve high resolution at depth in complex structures. Quantitative Transmission (QT) Ultrasound relies on low frequency information which has greater penetrating power and 3D Inverse Scattering to produce high resolution and contrast at substantial depth. We built a prototype device for imaging small animals and tested the performance on 7-10lb piglets to simulate the conditions necessary to scan a newborn infant human. Image acquisition was entirely conventional with the currently available QT ultrasound breast imagers, but reconstruction required significant modification to deal with the additional complexity. We report on the changes in methods as well as the preliminary performance of the system in this configuration.
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Mark Lenox, John Klock M.D., Cathy Ruoff D.V.M., Nasser Pirshaifey, Robin Terry, Bilal Malik, James Wiskin, "3D inverse scattering in wholebody ultrasound applications (Conference Presentation)," Proc. SPIE 10955, Medical Imaging 2019: Ultrasonic Imaging and Tomography, 1095511 (15 March 2019); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2512575