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This paper aims to evaluate the task specific measurement uncertainty for gear measuring instrument (GMI) using virtual gear measuring instrument (VGMI). With the aid of Modular Simulation and Monte Carlo method, the uncertainty evaluation model is established on VGMI. The measurement uncertainty of the tooth profile deviation is evaluated by VGMI taking the tooth profile deviation of the involute cylindrical gear as the measured parameter. The uncertainty sources are considered in the simulation including the geometric error, the head error and the workpiece installation error. To verify the measurement uncertainty model of VGMI, we designed three involute tooth surface models with different reference precision, and their profile deviation measurement uncertainties are simulated by VGMI. The results show that VGMI is feasible, effective and correct for the measurement uncertainty evaluation. VGMI provides a new tool for evaluating the task specific measurement uncertainty for the gear measurement instrument. It can realize the seamless connection with the real measurement software. The ability to change measured workpiece model without reestablishing the VGMI model is also a significant advantage.
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