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We are studying in-orbit real-time object detection for remote sensing satellites. Due to the small object size of remote sensing images, it is hard to achieve high detection accuracy, especially for resource-constrained spacecraft computers. Lightweight object detection models such as YOLO and SSD are feasible choices to achieve acceptable detection speed on board. This study proposes an accuracy-improvement method for the lightweight neural networks with an upscaling ratio estimator without retraining the model. The estimator exploits a scaling ratio that determines how much the image should be resized. With our scaling estimator, we have achieved 10.09% higher accuracy than the original YOLOv4-Tiny models with a 40% detection speed overhead.
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Daeun Seo, Jinse Kwon, Hyungshin Kim, "Accuracy improvement with input image upscaling for in-orbit object detection," Proc. SPIE 12267, Image and Signal Processing for Remote Sensing XXVIII, 1226708 (26 October 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2638632