With the increasing demand of engineering surveying, the surveying and mapping instruments used in engineering surveying are also increasing, and the problem of tracing the source of these large surveying and mapping instruments is becoming increasingly prominent. This paper mainly studies the traceability problems of four kinds of surveying instruments, namely steel rule water level meter, large space handheld scanner, total station scanner and frequency modulation laser rangefinder, using data comparison and fitting analysis of indicating errors. Finally, we get that the FM laser rangefinder is the micron level measuring instrument, the steel rule water level meter and the whole station scanner are the millimeter level measuring instruments, and the large space handheld scanner is the centimeter level mapping instrument.
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