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This research investigated the potential pharmacological mechanism of Bazhen decoction in the treatment of depression utilizing network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. The study selected 160 effective active ingredients and their 4775 related targets in Bazhen decoction through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP), and with further analysis identified 270 potential targets for Bazhen decoction's anti-depressive effect. Cytoscape software helped construct an active ingredient-target network and protein-protein interaction(PPI)network, revealing core targets and key biological processes. GO function pathway enrichment analysis showed that biological processes with respect to the decoction’s anti-depressive effect mainly involves response to lipopolysaccharides, aging, and positive regulation of the apoptotic process. KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that the primary pathways affected by Bazhen decoction include neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, cAMP signaling pathway, etc. Molecular docking analysis indicated that key compounds in ginsenosides, among others, have good binding ability with key targets like TP53, providing molecular evidence for the anti-depressive effect. In conclusion, this research confirms that Bazhen decoction exerts anti-depressive effects through multiple components, targets and pathways, providing a scientific basis for its application in the treatment of depression and theoretical support for subsequent basic research and clinical applications.
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