Solid state ionics and optical materials technology for energy efficiency, solar energy conversion, and environment control

Andrejs R. Lusis

doi:10.1117/12.49235

1 December 1991 Solid state ionics and optical materials technology for energy efficiency, solar energy conversion, and environment control

Andrejs R. Lusis

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 1536, Optical Materials Technology for Energy Efficiency and Solar Energy Conversion X; (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.49235
Event: San Diego, '91, 1991, San Diego, CA, United States

Abstract

The fundamental electronic properties (including optical) of a solid are determined by the character of the interaction between its ionic and electronic subsystems. The state of the ionic subsystem can be changed persistently and reversibly by an external stimulus (current, light). The pertinent ion-controlled phenomena in the solids (solid electrolytes or mixed conductors) causes the ions to be inserted, extracted, transferred, or absorbed or transforms the states of the ions by redox reactions in the bulk or on the surface of the solid or on the interface of a (laminar or planar) solid ionic heterosystem. Several functions can be accomplished: (1) the optical response function of the solid or heterosystem can be controlled (variable optics) by ionic processes (redox reactions); (2) the external stimulus (current, light) or absorbed surface molecules, atoms or ions from a gas or liquid-like environment can be detected by a corresponding optical response (physical or chemical sensing); (3) the ion insertion, extraction, transfer, and storage in a solid ionic heterosystem implies energy conversion and accumulation. Redox reactions create color centers and are related to chromogenics (chemi-, thermo-, photo-, cathodo-, and electro- chromic phenomena). Solid ionic systems are sensitive to the chemical composition of the environment. Solid ionic heterosystems (electrode- electrolyte) form a three-phase interface together with the environment. A laminar heterosystem can be used for `smart windows,' large scale memory displays with small energy consumption, reversible electrochromic photography, and rechargeable solar batteries. A combination of laminar and planar heterosystems can be used for integrated optics and for special opto-electrochemical `smart sensors.' Solid state ionics constitutes the scientific and technological base for the creation and design of devices for the above mentioned applications.

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Andrejs R. Lusis "Solid state ionics and optical materials technology for energy efficiency, solar energy conversion, and environment control", Proc. SPIE 1536, Optical Materials Technology for Energy Efficiency and Solar Energy Conversion X, (1 December 1991); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.49235

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