Color sameness: what to do when Grassmann additivity fails experimentally

Michael H. Brill

doi:10.1117/12.149083

4 August 1993 Color sameness: what to do when Grassmann additivity fails experimentally

Michael H. Brill

Proceedings Volume 1909, Device-Independent Color Imaging and Imaging Systems Integration; (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.149083
Event: IS&T/SPIE's Symposium on Electronic Imaging: Science and Technology, 1993, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

Device-independent color reproduction depends on matching colors that arise from different spectral power distributions. The spectral differences of matching lights are particularly great between light produced by VDU phosphors and light reflected by pigmented materials. The least frequently questioned assumption in this difficult situation is the Grassmann additivity rule, that if matching lights are added to two sides of a match, the result is also a match. However, recent experiments by Thornton suggest there is strong Grassmann additivity failure for human color vision. In particular, a color-match of a test light with one set of primaries does not persist when each of these primaries is replaced by a matching mixture of a second set of primaries. The present paper examines two covering theories for Grassmann additivity in search of consistency with Thornton's results. The theories are as follows: (1) Power- function theory. Each cone performs a weighted wavelength sum of an exponentiated value of photon flux over wavelength (not simply a weighted count on the photons, in which the implicit exponent is 1); and (2) Photodepletion theory. The density of unbleached photopigment in a cone is decreased under the action of light, and this leads to an integral- equation expression for the quantum catch instead of a simple spectrum integral. When Thornton's color-matching data are examined in terms of both these theories, the conventional Grassmann theory is found to fit the data best.

Citation Download Citation

Michael H. Brill "Color sameness: what to do when Grassmann additivity fails experimentally", Proc. SPIE 1909, Device-Independent Color Imaging and Imaging Systems Integration, (4 August 1993); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.149083

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KEYWORDS

Quantum efficiency

Cones

Molecules

Photon counting

Data analysis

Quantum physics

Color reproduction

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