Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) tend to become severe competitors to conventional refractive optical elements, especially for monochromatic applications as in optical communication, optical interconnects and laser metrology. They are fabricated with the same tools as microelectronic devices, i. e., lithography and etching techniques. Hence integrated circuits and DOEs may be combined on the same chip - perhaps even together with micromechanic components, thus forming so called microsystems. We use laser lithography and reactive ion etching for the fabrication of DOEs. The performance of the elements is mainly limited by the lithography system. We report on our experiences with such a system.
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