The critical understanding of a science can be carried out with various disciplinary positions -economic, culturological, ethical, psychological and so on. In given paper the problems of a science considered through a prism of philosophy from the point of view of a situation, science, which has usually in philosophy, will be analysed at the end of XX centuries caused establishing historically guided "new philosophy of a science", critically evaluating of orthodoxly —positivistic program "of logic of a science", opening probable horizons of social -cultural, hunianistical and valuel understanding of a science and scientific creativity.
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