Broadband normal-incidence aperiodic multilayer mirrors for soft x-ray dispersive spectroscopy: theory and implementation

Eugene N. Ragozin; Valerii V. Kondratenko; Vladimir E. Levashov; Yurii P. Pershin; Alexander S. Pirozhkov

doi:10.1117/12.451355

24 December 2002 Broadband normal-incidence aperiodic multilayer mirrors for soft X-ray dispersive spectroscopy: theory and implementation

Eugene N. Ragozin, Valerii V. Kondratenko, Vladimir E. Levashov, Yurii P. Pershin, Alexander S. Pirozhkov

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 4782, X-Ray Mirrors, Crystals, and Multilayers II; (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.451355
Event: International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, 2002, Seattle, WA, United States

Abstract

Aperiodic multilayer structures (MSs) show promise as broadband soft X-ray mirrors for stigmatic diffraction spectroscopic instruments. We have derived aperiodic MSs optimized for maximum uniform normal-incidence reflectivity throughout a prescribed wavelength range, e.g., 130 - 190 Å (R=24 %), 125 - 250 Å (16 %), etc. Each of these aperiodic MSs exhibits an unparalleled integral reflectivity which substantially exceeds that of any periodic multilayer mirror pertaining to the corresponding wavelength range. Several Mo/Si aperiodic MSs were synthesized by magnetron sputtering on concave substrates to exhibit a relatively uniform reflectivity of (15 - 11)% in the 125 - 250 Å range, close to the theoretical predictions. These multilayers served as the focusing elements of high-transmission stigmatic transmission grating spectrograph with a plate scale of 20 or 4 Å/mm. The spectrograph was employed to investigate the laser plasma - gas jet interaction and characterize the Xe gas-jet laser-plasma XUV radiation source simultaneously with spatial and spectral resolution in the wavelength range above 124 Å. We have theoretically explored into the reflection of extremely short X-ray pulses by MSs. Special-design aperiodic MSs were shown to possess the unrivaled capacity to reflect few-cycle X-ray pulses ranging into the attoseconds. Aperiodic MSs have been calculated that are capable of reflecting pulses which comprise only three wave periods of an X-ray electromagnetic wave.

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Eugene N. Ragozin, Valerii V. Kondratenko, Vladimir E. Levashov, Yurii P. Pershin, and Alexander S. Pirozhkov "Broadband normal-incidence aperiodic multilayer mirrors for soft X-ray dispersive spectroscopy: theory and implementation", Proc. SPIE 4782, X-Ray Mirrors, Crystals, and Multilayers II, (24 December 2002); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.451355

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