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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 742001 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.846121
This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 7420, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, and the Conference Committee listing.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 742004 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.827260
(SiC)x (AlN)1-x Solid-solution films were deposited on on-axis Si-face 4H-SiC (0001) substrates by the physical vapor
transport (PVT) method. Attempts were made to dope this film with
Nd+3 for high power laser applications. SiC or its
alloys will have better properties compared to oxides because of extremely high thermal conductivity and damage
threshold. The doped film was characterized for its quality by X-ray, Photoluminescence (PL) and scanning electron
microscope (SEM). X-ray rocking curves showed that crystals with FWHM of less than 200 arc seconds could be grown.
The results were compared with previous results published on rare earth doped SiC material. Effect of annealing at high
temperature on PL characteristics is also reported.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 742005 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.824461
Dewetted Bridgman is a crystal growth technique in which the crystal is detached from the crucible wall by a small
liquid free surface at the level of the solid-liquid interface, called liquid meniscus, which creates a gap between the
crystal and the crucible. Dewetting phenomenon was first obtained in space experiments during InSb Bridgman
solidification performed on Skylab-NASA mission-1974, and subsequently in many experiments carried out in orbiting
spacecrafts (microgravity) on a wide variety of semiconductors.
Since the most important aspect of dewetting is the huge improvement of the crystalline quality (reduction in spurious
nucleation, fewer dislocations, lower stresses, etc.), this phenomenon has attracted considerable attention and opened the
possibility to reproduce experiments on the earth - obtained by applying a gas pressure difference ΔP= P(cold) - P(hot) between the cold and hot sides of the sample. The experiments have shown that using uncoated and coated crucibles,
detached and partially detached growth can be obtained. Because our interest is to grow crystals with stable gap, the
static stability of the menisci in the cases of the classical semiconductors grown in (i) uncoated crucibles (θc+αe<180°),
and (ii) coated crucibles (θc+αe≥ 180°) is studied in zero gravity and terrestrial conditions. Numerical results are given
and compared with experimental data.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 742006 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825251
Various space telescope array systems are being considered to investigate other terrestrial planets orbiting around
nearby stars in order to find extra-terrestrial life. One of them is the DARWIN mission of the European Space Agency
(ESA). The required technology is the nulling interferometer. The challenge of nulling is making the null in the
interferometric signal sufficiently deep to cancel the light from the bright star during the collection of light from its
surrounding planets. The performance of the nulling is limited by the wavefront quality of the beams. The wavefront
error can be reduced by filtering using a single mode fiber. For the DARWIN mission, the operational wavelength range
is 6.5-20μm. Within the current ESA project, this is covered by a dual-band fiber system. A chalcogenide glass fiber
based on the Te-As-Se (TAS) composition is selected to be used for the short wavelength band. For the long wavelength
band up to 20 μm, Tellurium based glass is proposed. Different samples of various composition based on Te glass are
manufactured and tested. The fibers are designed by TNO and different prototypes have been manufactured by the
University of Rennes. Test setups are developed to demonstrate/investigate the single mode operation. Cladding modes
are found to disturb the single mode operation. The effect of cladding modes is modeled. Solutions to eliminate the
cladding modes are investigated and tested.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 742009 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826048
An artificial engineered structure of nano-inclusion made of metallic nano-rods embedded in a dielectric
(ε=12.96) matrix with hexagonal arrangement is proposed. New improved designed structure exhibits Negative
Refraction (NR) in visible region by using surface plasmon wave in metallo-dielectric photonic crystal operating in a
dispersion regime with anti-parallel refracted wave vector and Poynting vector. Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD)
simulations are carried out to study the reflection and transmission properties and obtained Far-field pattern. Designed
structure gives NR with high transmission and act as a filter with a quality factor ≈ 102 with strong application potential
in nano-optics and nano-technology.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200A (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826041
In the proposed paper, we present the guiding properties of chalcogenide Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) with
square and hexagonal arrangement of air holes in the cladding. The dispersion curves of chalcogenide PCF with different
hole-to-hole spacing and air hole diameter have been calculated. Application specific design of dispersion properties like
zero dispersion at any wavelength and negative dispersion will be reported for chalcogenide PCF. A comparison between
hexagonal and square lattice of chalcogenide PCF has also been performed.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200C (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826865
In this paper, we discussed the method for optimization of
fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor and the
effect of optimized parameters by analysis of the transmission spectrum of waveguide-based SPR sensors. Because of
their high sensitivity, the SPR sensors can be used in a lot of chemical and biological studies, but it is difficult to perform
a theoretical analysis of an SPR fiber sensor. Therefore, for the design and analysis of the sensor responses, a fiber-optic
SPR sensor can be optimized numerically by adjusting parameters such as the thickness of metal layers and the grating
period, etc. We simulated and optimized parameters by employing the method of the rigorous coupled wave analysis and
the genetic algorithm. Also we discussed the methods for improving sensing capability.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200D (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825085
We utilize analysis of third harmonic generation under femtosecond pulsed excitation as a reference free measurement
method for third order nonlinear susceptibility (χ(3) or "Chi 3") of planar waveguides. We investigate χ(3) dispersion
in planar Ta2O5 waveguides at wavelengths either side of the telecoms window, obtaining a nonlinear coefficient of
2 ×10−13 esu, at 1550 nm. Our study indicates that χ(3) increases within the measured wavelength range due to a threephoton
resonance of Ta2O5 electrons, revealing the potential of this material system in high speed integrated nonlinear
optical switches for the telecommunications spectral window.
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Abdalla M. Darwish, Brent Koplitz, Hadi Alkahby, Lanikka Webb, Chase Deniro
Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200E (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825725
A nanosecond pulsed laser deposition at room temperature was used to fabricate a waveguide of
Sic:Ge:Fe . The waveguide was used as an optical sensor to detect the sound wave disturbance under
water. It was observed that the HeNe laser drives the optical sensor to produce multiple diffraction rings,
which are affected by the sound wave disturbance to produce unique clusters of rings with elongated
shape pointing away from the source of the acoustic waves. It was observed that, the shape of the rings
resonance with the waves to produce either constructive or destructive interference pattern which produce
the elongated shape. The Sensor has the same results if it is driven by either HeNe laser or Ar ion laser.
The optical characterization of the sensor's performance under harsh environment will be presented as
well.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200F (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825768
The surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) have been researched intensively, the very low coupling efficiency of the SPPs
brings about difficulty in practical experiment. We proposed a unidirectional coupler for the SPPs using total external
reflection. If the high-index dielectric is located on the left side of the slit, the SPPs toward the left side cannot propagate
due to the cut-off property, and they should be totally reflected. By properly designing the structure parameter for
constructive interference between the reflected Spp mode and the right-ward propagating SPP mode can happen,
resulting in enhancement of the coupling efficiency of the SPPs.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200G (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826060
Interference transmission filters that have a defect layer incorporated photonic crystal structure provide a narrow
transmission notch within a wide stop band. The location and width of transmission notch can be tuned by changing the
thickness of the defect layer. In this paper, we propose and implement interference filters with defect layers patterned
with diffractive optical elements. The spectral transmission is a function of the local defect layer thickness while the
spatial transmission follows contours of equal optical thickness. The novel devices have multiplexed spectral and spatial
transmission characteristics. Alternating layers of silicon oxide (SiOx) and silicon nitride (SixNy) were grown onto a
clean silicon substrate using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). A thick defect layer of SiOx was
grown and the wafer was removed from the growth chamber. The wafer was then patterned with charge 2, 8-level
vortex structures on a GCA 6300 g-line stepper tool. The devices were interrogated with a collimated beam from a
tunable laser source that operates from 1520 nm to 1630 nm. The spectral transmission was measured by separately
illuminating each level of diffractive element and the spatial transmission was imaged on to a CCD camera. Spectral
transmission peaks whose location varies as a function of level height were obtained. The spatial transmission profiles
consist of triangular zones with wavelength dependent orientation. The elements have potential applications in hyper
spectral imaging, pupil filtering, and engineered illumination systems.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200H (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826999
Two-beam coupling (TBC) in a photorefractive polymer using transmission and reflection geometries is
investigated. With drift (due to an applied electric field) and diffusion, a linearized analysis suggests a phase shift
between the intensity grating and the induced refractive index grating different from the ideal value of 90 degrees,
which is supported by experimental results using a transmission grating geometry. In a self-pumped reflection
grating geometry, which is also experimentally studied, the phase shift can be closer to 90 degrees due to a shorter
grating period. Absorption and absorption gratings during TBC is also experimentally investigated.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200I (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826817
We report a simple yet effective method to improve the accuracy of an optical current sensor (OCS) by compensating the
temperature dependency of the Verdet constant with a low-power source operating at a known frequency combined with
a lookup table. Neither a complex digital signal processing system nor extra rare earth bulk glass material is used to
achieve the accuracy of the current's measurement. Modeling and simulations are carried out. An OCS has been
designed and fabricated. The dynamic range of 1620 RMS ampere with a sensitivity of 0.36 ampere is achieved with a
single-path SF57 bulk glass.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200K (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.827440
In this paper, we have reviewed our recent works on IR supercontinuum generation (SCG) and its applications. First, we
provide a brief introduction on the motivations of the proposed effort. Second, the work of SCG in single crystal
sapphire fibers is reviewed. Third, in addition to single crystal sapphire fibers, the method, the process, and the results
of fabricating other IR waveguides are presented. Fourth, a quantitative simulation on the supercontinuum generation
with the new IR waveguide is provided, which shows that it is possible to generate SCG beyond 5 microns. To the best
knowledge of authors, this is the longest SCG reported so far. Finally, more experimental results of chemical analysis
with supercontinuum source are presented.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200L (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825737
In this study, we have derived equations for the pyroelectric and photogalvanic contribution to the electrical charging of
the photosensitive ferroelectric crystal. Standard photorefractive equations are supplemented by the equation of state for
the polarization density following the Devonshire-Ginsburg-Landau (DGL) approach. The photogalvanic voltage and
current is considered for a wide intensity range, which includes the CW and the pulsed photo-excitation with high
intensities when the impurity is fully ionized and when the traditional linear-recombination approach is not valid.
The crystal electrostatic accelerators, based on charging of ferroelectric crystals by pyroelectric and photogalvanic
effects, are discussed in relation to the generation of the self-focused electron beam, X-rays, and neutrons.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200N (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825157
This paper discusses measurements of non-stationary optical signals using an acousto-optic spectrometer. Any
spectral measurements should take non-stationary forms of optical signals into account. The paper presents the
results of experiments where a non-stationary optical beam from an electric spark was used. An acousto-optic
tunable filter based on off-axis diffraction in the TeO2 crystal was used. The total analysis time was approximately
1 sec for an optical signal cycle of 100 Hz. The spectrum had a "black body" shape with distinguished fragments at
572 nm and 471 nm. The paper also proposes a method to increase the accuracy of measurement.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200O (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825450
Because of the high density and high parallelism of the volume holographic storage, volume holographic correlator can
be used as parallel multiple pattern filters. It has a natural feature for the parallel optical computing. However, the
applications of this kind of correlator are limited due to low accuracy of the computing results and small number of
parallel channels. To improve the data processing accuracy, some methods are proposed and employed to reduce the
noise and computing error of the volume holographic correlator. The sidelobes of the correlation pattern can be totally
suppressed. The shapes of the correlation patterns are made uniform. And the detected intensity can approach the inner
products of the input images and the stored images. The computing speed of the correlator based on the current
optoelectronic elements could be nearly two or three magnitude orders over the computing speed of traditional electronic
processors. The applications of volume holographic correlator in the star field identification are demonstrated.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200Q (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.827417
Miniaturized Whispering Gallery Mode (WGM) temperature sensor has great potentials of high resolution and great
on-chip integration capability. This study focuses on the development of this kind of sensor based on the shifting
wavelength of the optical resonance due to thermal expansion and thermo-optic effects of a silica microsphere. Excellent
linear dependence of the wavelength shift versus temperature rise is observed for three sizes of microspheres (D=90μm,
145μm and 313μm) in small temperature ranges (≤17K) at very low temperatures (113±1K to 173K). By comparing this
observation with the results of similar sizes of microspheres of our previous study in near room temperature as well as
with a theoretical analysis, a conclusion is drawn that thermal expansion and thermal optic coefficients need to be further
studied for microscale silica materials. Ultra high resolution sensing capability as well as potentials of integrated &
miniaturized applications of the WGM temperature sensor is discussed. A method is designed to initially characterize the
WGM temperature measurement noise level due to self-heating effect of the WGM resonance.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200R (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.824192
This paper explains the operation of a quantum Hadamard gate using photonic crystal structures. This is done by
simulating a Y-junction beam-splitter in photonic crystal lattice. Normal modes in waveguides are used as qubits.
Photonic crystals have been realized by stacking dielectric rods in air in the hexagonal lattice configuration. Index of
substrate is chosen as 1.325 and angle of bend is 30°.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200S (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825660
Optical responses of a modulation doped lattice-matched InGaAs/InAlAs single quantum well structure
grown by gas source molecular beam epitaxy were characterized by photoreflectance PR at various
temperatures and depths. Two features corresponding to the ground state transition coming from the
SQW and the band gap transition generated from the buffer layer are observed in the PR spectra and
agree with those calculated theoretically. The optical transitions were perturbed by the energy shifts of
the electronic states due to Stark effect induced by the doped result. The values of the Varshni
coefficients of InGaAs/InAlAs were obtained from the relation between the exciton transition energy
and the temperature. The built-in electric field could be determined and located from a series of PR
spectra by sequential etching processes. The results suggest that a built-in electric field exists at the
buffer/substrate interface.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200T (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.824215
In this paper, the application of a broadband spatially coherent IR supercontinuum source to the biomedical imaging and
detection is presented. New IR material is proposed to generate Mid-IR supercontinuum above 4um, which was previously
difficult due to inherent material absorption. Broad Mid-IR supercontinuum is numerically shown to be possible
with one single wavelength pump in appropriate fiber structure.
Mid-IR broadband sources are very useful in IR Optical
Coherence Tomography (OCT) and spectroscopy in biomedical materials, due to the rich absorption structures the
Mid-IR region. Broadband Mid-IR source is better than single wavelength tunable source, such as Quantum Cascaded Lasers
(QCL), for faster analysis speed, since slow scan is not required.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200U (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.824216
In this paper, some of our recent works on the design of different types of nanostructured surfaces, the
terahertz generation, terahertz lenses, and terahertz metamaterials are reviewed and discussed. The
mechanism behind the terahertz radiation is the photoelectric emission effect, which leads to the
oscillating motions of emitted electrons and are affected by the electric field inside the metal.
Furthermore, by using those nanostructured surfaces, terahertz lenses, which are due to the excitation
of surface plasmons, and terahertz metamaterials, which results from the effective inductor-capacitor
resonator, are also presented.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200V (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.824229
In this paper, the separation of transmitted and diffused light beams in a scattering medium by a magneto-optical ultrafast
switch is investigated. The magneto-optical switch previously developed by the authors is capable of 1 ns switching
speed and has a 1 mm clear aperture. The diffused light beams and ballistic beams in a scattering medium are simulated
in the lab by two beam paths. One beam is delayed from the other to simulate the diffused light beam and the ballistic
beam, respectively. The magneto-optical switch is synchronized with the required delay to the laser pulse to keep only
the ballistic beam, acting as an ultrafast light gate. The concept is demonstrated with a 532nm Q-switched pulsed laser.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200W (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.824677
The instantaneous preferential domain nucleation effect of the z-cut hafnium-doped congruent LiNbO3 crystal is
investigated. The beam from an Ar-ion laser with 514 nm wavelength is focused on z surface. Two incidence schemes are
performed: (1) irradiating near and focusing on the +z surface; (2) irradiating near and focusing on the -z surface. The
digital holographic interferometry is used in investigating the visible laser-induced domain nucleation in hafnium-doped
congruent LiNbO3 crystal, and reconstructs the phase shift of new domain. From the investigation of phase shift induced
by the domain inversion, the analysis of domain nucleation is performed. When the electric field exceeds a certain
threshold value, the preferential domain nucleation is achieved instantaneously at the focal spot during the combined
actions of irradiation and external fields. The nucleation fields have a systematic decrease with increasing laser intensity,
and reach an effective saturation at higher intensities. The reduction proportions obtained in the second scheme are lower
than those in the first one with the same intensity, and the saturation values at higher intensities are the same in both
schemes. We attribute the instantaneous effect of laser-induced domain nucleation to the space charge field, and the
saturation value at higher intensities is related to the saturation of the space charge field. The formation of instantaneous
effect and corresponding physical explanation based on space charge field are present.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200X (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.824679
The phase-mapping of domain wall kinetics under the uniform steady-state electric field is achieved and investigated in
the LiNbO3 crystals by the digital holographic interferometry. We obtained the sequences of reconstructed
three-dimensional and two-dimensional wave-field phase distributions during the electric poling in the congruent and
near stoichiometric LiNbO3 crystals. The phase-mapping of domain wall motions in the two crystals are obtained. Both
the phase relaxation and the pinning-depinning mechanism are observed during the domain wall motion. The residual
phase distribution is observed after the high-speed domain wall motion. The corresponding analyses and discussions are
proposed to explain the phenomena.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200Y (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825044
We have achieved an all-optical tuning in photonic crystal fiber (PCF) by filling the photoresponsive liquid crystal (LC)
into the air-hole cladding. The photo-induced phase transformation of the photoresponsive LC modulates the effective
refractive index of the photoresponsive LC-filled air-hole cladding, thereby creating an optically tunable environment.
Under the laser irradiation the output intensity of guided light can be modulated by the photoresponsive LC-filled
photonic bandgap structure. The tuning behavior of the guided light is independent on the polarization direction by using
the linear-polarized He-Ne laser as probe. We also demonstrate the potential use of photoresponsive LC-filled PCF in
all-optical communication device using an optical spectrum of wide bandwidth amplified from an erbium-doped fiber
amplifier (EDFA) system.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74200Z (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825258
Holographic scattering noise in LiNbO3:Fe:Ru crystals is investigated in this paper. The effect of doped concentration
and the incident light intensity on the holographic scattering noise is investigated. The experimental results show that the
transmitted light intensity is fluctuated in the initial stage of scattering noise evolution, and the sample with highly doped
concentration has the lowest scattering noise level among three LiNbO3:Fe:Ru samples. The results are analyzed on the
basis of multi-wave coupling amplification mechanism and the saturated space charge field.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 742011 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825643
An opportunity of realization of optical memory and optical switching under the two-wave action on 1D photonic crystal
(layered structure) with cubic nonlinearity is demonstrated on the base of computer simulation. Proposed scheme of interaction
concludes in an action of laser pulse with different wavelengths. First, after action of one of them an optical soliton
appears in some layers and part of optical energy localizes in nonlinear photonic crystal. Then, a pulse with different
wavelength acts on the photonic crystal. As a consequence of it, the light energy of laser pulse with the previous wavelength
leaves the photonic crystal while the laser energy of acting pulse localizes in the crystal due to formation of new
soliton in this layer. This process can be repeated many times. The replacement of radiation with one wavelength on
radiation with other wavelength takes place under the action of sequence of laser pulse with definite wavelength. A duration
and maximum intensity of pulse from this sequence determine a speed of light energy exchange and an efficiency of
radiation replacement.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 742012 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825657
Thermal management has the important influence in quantum effect of light emitting diodes (LED)
based on printed circuit board (PCB). In the industrial processing, the quality of the thermal
dissipation is decided by the gumming technique between the PCB and aluminum plate. Because it
transfers the heat from electric device to the aluminum plate, which completely removes the heat. In
this study, a superior method, alumina thin films, soldered the LED lamps to enhance the heat transfer.
The films were fabricated onto 1070 aluminum alloy substrate by plasma spraying, vacuum sputtering
and electric plating technologies. The dielectric coatings were characterized by several subsequent
analyses, especially the measurement of thermal resistance. The X-Ray diffraction (XRD) diagram
analysis reveals that alumina phases were successfully grown on the individual substrate. Compared to
alumina coating fabricated by plasma spraying and electric plating technologies, vacuum sputtering
creates low sheet resistivity, high hardness, high critical load, and good thermal conduction of 119
W/m-K.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 742014 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826025
In this paper, we propose silicon-on-insulator (SOI) based Photonic Crystal waveguide with hexagonal
arrangement of elliptical air holes embedded in silicon material for slow light transmission. Delay bandwidth product
which indicates the buffering capacity is evaluated to be record high 87.41 and large bandwidth (≈ 4.4THz) below silica
light line. Within this bandwidth, group velocity dispersion is evaluated on the order of 100-102 ps2/km. Thus in the
proposed structure, light is confined horizontally by photonic band gap, vertically by total internal reflection and
longitudinally by low dispersion and low group velocity while propagating through the waveguide.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 742015 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826167
The development of theoretical and experimental method for the characterization of Polarization Maintaining Photonic
Crystal Fiber (PM PCF) from far filed intensity measurements has been reported. To maintain the polarization in PCF
different air hole diameter along orthogonal axes adjacent to the core region has been introduced. This helps in creating
an effective index difference between the two orthogonal polarization modes. It is shown that air hole spacing (Λ), air
hole diameter (d) and effective cladding index differences of PM-PCF can also be obtained from its far field
measurements.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 742016 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.827979
Effect of magnetic nanoparticles on the transparency of a transparent matrix is studied in the infrared wavelength region.
We used the iron oxide - potassium bromide system for this study. Several samples were prepared with different
concentrations of iron oxide nanoparticles. IR microscopy and transmission measurements were performed to determine
the resonance characteristics of aggregates of nanoparticles. We observed a sharp strong absorption peak at 7.22 μm.
The amplitude of the absorption peak was dependent on the nanoparticle concentration. Effect of interface diffusion on
the morphology and transmission was studied by annealing the sample at 175 C and 500C. High temperature annealing
indicated interpenetration and affected the transparency significantly.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 742019 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.828942
Experimental studies of laser light intensity profiles, with light propagation direction perpendicular to the optical c-axis, in ferroelectric single crystal fibers such as LiNbO3 are carried out and reported. Theoretical simulations of such multimode propagation of light are also conducted for the LiNbO3 single crystal fibers. The simulation and experimental studies are extended to and compared with the commercially available single mode and multimode silica optical fibers. Theoretical simulations provided a good account for the light intensity profiles measured and led to a preliminary interpretation of complex specklegram observed in anisotropic single
crystal fibers.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74201A (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.828943
Recently, we proposed a new speckle-based hologram multiplexing recording
technique. In this method, a multi-mode LiNbO3 single crystal fiber is employed to
generate speckle patterns which are used as reference beams in hologram recording
process. The compact modulation architecture of this new technique allows a fiber
array structure which can dramatically increase the system storage capacity as well as
realize image adding function. To explore the functionality and the performance of a
fiber array structure, a dual-fiber configuration has been set up in our laboratory and
the preliminary experimental results are presented in this report.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74201C (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.830686
Considering the singly pump-resonance in a lossy lithium niobate waveguide with quasi-phase-matched apodized stepchirped
domains as a broadband frequency doubler, the optimized values of back-facet reflectivity and input power have
been calculated to obtain the maximum efficiency envelope of resonant modes while the bandwidth remains almost the
same as the non-resonant waveguide.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74201D (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.832312
An optimized encoding algorithm is required to produce high-quality computer generated holograms (CGH). For such
purpose, we have proposed that usage of the direct search algorithm (DSA) is effective for encoding the Lohmann-type
binary amplitude and phase CGH. However, it takes much time for a computation time to get an optical solution by a
DSA. To solve this problem, we have newly found that simultaneously selective direct search algorithm (SDSA) is
greatly effective to shorten a computing time for encoding a Lohmann-type CGH.
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Proceedings Volume Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications III, 74201E (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.834332
The synchronous paragenesis of piezoelectric resonance together with EO modulation,
its effect on the electro-optic probing in low frequency range, and a new voltage calibration
technique which can utilize the piezoelectric resonance to enhance the voltage sensitivity of EO
probing, are reported for the first time.
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