This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 7500, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction, and the Conference Committee listing.

Analyzing the kinematics of parallel machine tool is the important content of estimating or designing parallel machine and the basis of corresponding control system design. Visual simulation is a kind of applied method to deal with the kinematics of parallel mechanism. In the paper, on the basis of analyzing kinematics, the visual design system of 3-TPT parallel machine tool is opened by Visual Basic software. This system can receive the parameters relying on visual interfaces and rapidly realize calculation and simulation of position, velocity and acceleration. Furthermore, the system can also simulate motion status of the parallel machine tool utilized bitmap animation. Practice indicates that opening visual simulation system is an effective measure to settle design and analysis of complicated mechanism.

On the basis of the research and analysis of measuring principle of the gear accumulate pitch, it was concluded: spacing-tooth relative method was applied for the large gear whose diameter was over 2.5m, to measure its accumulate pitch error so that measuring error was reduced, its measuring precision was improved. For the characteristics of gear's inertia in measuring process, on-machine measuring instrument of gear's total accumulative pitch error on large hobbing machine was designed. The origin and compensation method of the measuring system error were analyzed and studied, which determined the formation cause and affect law measurement error resulted from comprehensive geometric eccentricity of measured gear installation, a rational error compensation method was proposed, which made measurement accuracy further improve.

The vibration characteristics of a rub-impact rotor system with different parameters are investigated using Hil-bert-Huang Transform (HHT)-a relative novel time-frequency analysis method. Firstly, the rotor with rub-impact at fixed limiter is modeled by finite element method (FEM). Then, system simulation signals at different rotating speeds, rub-impact clearances and rub-impact rod stiffness are obtained based on the FE model, moreover which are analyzed by using HHT along with Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and shaft center orbit methods. The results show that the effects of variables on system motion patterns, response properties and rub-impact severity differ in degrees. Some conclusions are achieved which may be useful to detect rub-impact fault accurately and effectively.

In order to improve and protect human being's environment, water resource should be effectively monitored and managed. The support vector machine (SVM) is an algorithm based on structure risk minimizing principle and having high generalization ability. It is strong to solve the problem with small sample, nonlinear and high dimension. In this paper, based on a lot of research fruits of water quality forecast methods at home and abroad, a water forecast method based on support vector machine is put forward, and a water quality multi-classification forecasting model based on time sequence's SVM is established. Its water quality of Tai Lake is aimed and researched by the forecast method of water quality. Its correct rate of SVM model can reach 84.62%, its correct rate of back-propagation neutral network (BPNN) model is 80.77%. The simulation results have proved that its training speed and testing accuracy of SVM are higher than back-propagation neutral network. From the experimental result, the water quality forecast model based on SVM can correctly predict its grade of water quality and provide a new way for forecast of water quality.

This paper proposed a simple estimation method of peak impact force by a multi-D.O.F manipulator controlled by a joint servo on collision with a human or an environment. In the proposed method, an impact model of the manipulator including both compliances of joint servo and a soft material on a link is described as a 1-D.O.F impact model. Taylor expansion is introduced to more exactly estimate the peak impact force using the time that the value of time-derivative of the impact force equals to 0. As a result, the peak impact force is described as an algebraic function and can be easily and quickly estimated. Simple impact simulations using a 2-D.O.F manipulator were conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. From the simulation results, it was confirmed that the estimated value of the peak impact force was in accordance with a peak point of a impact force calculated by numerical method.

In This paper, Fractal calculating dimension is firstly put forward. Combined Fractal theory with Neural network, A Fractal Neural network identification methods is built and applied to the state control and fault diagnosis of Mechanical equipment. This network is made of three layers construct: Input layer, hide layer and output layer. Input and output of standard samples are respectively Fractal calculating dimension of different period sampling and the unit matrix equal to sample numbers. Weight and threshold of network is rapidly and correctly computed by conjugate terraced optimization. Rolling bearing fault is perfectly identified by this diagnosis way.

This paper presents the engineering technique of the rapid hearing aid production with a rapid shell modelling (RSM) Computer Aided Design/Manufacturing (CAD/CAM). It will be worthwhile to describe how the virtual ear shell designed with RSM from an ear impression. And the virtual ear shell model is then used as the template to manufacture the actual ear shell by a Rapid Production (RP) machine. Some detailed description of the whole processing will be given in this thesis. The CAD/CAM method processing will enhance and provide outstanding, high-quality hearing aid shell production capabilities to customers. It reduces the time and the cost of designing products and facilitates direct and indirect manufacturing by creating actual parts directly from digital input. It determines that this technique has made a large impact on hearing aid processing and fitting.

What's the developmental tendency of the hearing aid manufacturing in the future? The answer is a rapid production or/and CAD/CAM technology. The new technology is quite different from the conventional manufacturing method. This article shows the differences between the 2 types of approach in detail, and analyzes these differences. The authors figure out where and how to cut an ear shell impression that will give help to the hearing aid manufacturing process, and make the CAD/CAM method to fit for the Asians' ears.

A broad literature review presents great interests about theoretical specification or various formalizations on the constraints of Separation of Duty (SoD) Policy, which can improve Role-Based Access Control (RBAC). To gain the flexible and specific access control of information exchange within the enterprise environment, the proposed verification algorithm can check whether or not the Task-Role-Based Access Control (TRBAC) state can be satisfied with an assigned type of SoD policy, according to different given role-task and user-role assignments.

An improved sliding mode control (SMC) method for omni-directional mobile robots (OMRs) is proposed in this paper. Due to the motion characteristics of OMRs, the driving torque acting on each axis while the robot moves in different directions is distinct. Accordingly, a novel concept of anisotropy characteristics for OMRs is proposed here. In order to achieve a coordinated motion in a multi-axis system such as an OMR, the anisotropy characteristics are introduced into SMC system to coordinate the driving torque. The improved motion control method can guarantee that each driving wheel will reach the target speed with proper driving torque. Owing to the advantage of SMC, the control system of OMRs is insensitive to parametric vibration and external disturbances. To validate the performance of the improved motion control method, experiments have been carried out.

To cope with the challenges of monitoring dynamic and variable quality variation into supply chain, diagnosing the abnormal variation at the right moment, is a difficult problem that a enterprise in supply chain faces in process quality control. An intelligent process quality control mode into supply chain, which integrated quality prevention, analysis, diagnosis and adjustment, and corresponding functional modules and framework were all put forward. This mode dealt mainly with constructing and running intelligent quality control system, such as the theory of similarity manufacturing, Statistical Process Control (SPC), neural network. Furthermore, some key enabling technologies were studied in detail, including process quality analysis on-line based on similarity process and process quality diagnosis based on Elman and expert system of process quality adjustment. It is basis of realizing network, intelligent and automatic process quality control into supply.

Electrohydraulic servovalves (EHSV) promise unique application opportunities and high performance, unmatched by other drive technologies. Typical applications include aerospace, robotic manipulators, motion simulators, injection molding, CNC machines and material testing machines. EHSV available are either a flapper/nozzle type or a jet pipe type. In the present paper an attempt has been made to study the dynamics of jet pipe EHSV with built-in mechanical feedback using Finite Element Method (FEM). In jet pipe EHSV, the dynamics of spool greatly depends on pressure recovery and hence the fluid flow at spool ends. The effect of pressure recovery on spool dynamics is studied using FEM by creating the fluid-structure-interaction. The mechanical parts were created using general purpose finite elements like shell, beam, and solid elements while fluid cavities were created using hydrostatic fluid elements. The analysis was carried out using the commercially available FE code ABAQUS. The jet pipe and spool dynamics are presented in the paper.

In the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurement system for flow field of impinging streams, in order to realize the calculation of real flow field data from sequence image, the method of coordinates mapping applying neural network is designed. This method is to put a plat with normal pitch grid in the area of transparent Liquid-continuous impinging streams reactor, with the grid plan going through the cylinder axis of the reactor filled with water. Digital camera is fixed outside the container, with the light axis vertical to the grid plan. Software tool is utilized to obtain Educate vector collect for educating neural network. The network which finished training can counterchange the pixel coordinate of the measured plan in the liquid into real coordinate.

This paper demonstrates that filtered inverse system can be used effectively for the feed forward control of a flexible stacker crane. A numeric model for the crane is developed from the experimental input and output data. From this model, a feedfoward controller based on an inverse system was developed and simulated. We applied the feedforward control to an actual stacker crane. Validity of the proposed control method was verified from the numerical simulation and the experiment. The numerical simulation and experimental results show the good control performance.

A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a novel communication system that translates brain activity into commands for a computer or other electronic devices. BCI system based on non-invasive scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) has become a hot research area in recent years. BCI technology can help improve the quality of life and restore function for people with severe motor disabilities. In this study, we design a real-time asynchronous BCI system using Alpha wave. The basic theory of this BCI system is alpha wave-block phenomenon. Alpha wave is the most prominent wave in the whole realm of brain activity. This system includes data acquisition, feature selection and classification. The subject can use this system easily and freely choose anyone of four commands with only short-time training. The results of the experiment show that this BCI system has high classification accuracy, and has potential application for clinical engineering and is valuable for further research.

The purpose of this study is to derive quantitative assessment indicators of the human postural control ability. An inverted pendulum is applied to standing human body and is controlled by ankle joint torque according to PD control method in sagittal plane. Torque control parameters (K_P: proportional gain, K_D: derivative gain) and pole placements of postural control system are estimated with time from inclination angle variation using fixed trace method as recursive least square method. Eight young healthy volunteers are participated in the experiment, in which volunteers are asked to incline forward as far as and as fast as possible 10 times over 10 [s] stationary intervals with their neck joint, hip joint and knee joint fixed, and then return to initial upright posture. The inclination angle is measured by an optical motion capture system. Three conditions are introduced to simulate unstable standing posture; 1) eyes-opened posture for healthy condition, 2) eyes-closed posture for visual impaired and 3) one-legged posture for lower-extremity muscle weakness. The estimated parameters K_p, K_D and pole placements are applied to multiple comparison test among all stability conditions. The test results indicate that K_p, K_D and real pole reflect effect of lower-extremity muscle weakness and K_D also represents effect of visual impairment. It is suggested that the proposed method is valid for quantitative assessment of standing postural control ability.

This paper describes a development of a sensor system for measurement of a contact stimulus which diapers give to infants. A polyvinyliden fluoride (PVDF) film and a strain gauge are used as the sensor receptors. The PVDF is a kind of piezoelectric material. The sensor consists of a surface contact layer, a PVDF film, a strain gauge and an aluminum plate. First, in order to investigate the sensor performance, the sensor was located on a silicone plate and the upper part of the sensor was rubbed with an acrylic artificial finger. The finger enabled the measurement to carry out at a constant speed and force. Next, the sensor was attached on an infant dummy and the sensor outputs were measured under conditions with and without diapers. By comparison of the output under two different conditions, it was confirmed that there is a clearly difference between the two conditions. It was found that the developed sensor system has the possibility to quantify a contact stimulus which diapers give infants.

In this work, a prototype polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) palpation sensor has been developed. The sensor aims to measure stiffness, which is one of the information of biomedical tissue by palpation. The sensor is composed of two PVDF films, a silicone cylindrical column, and an aluminum cylinder. And the classification of hardness is concerned with the ratio of these PVDF outputs. In this paper, the output behavior of the palpation sensor was evaluated in detail by the experimental and numerical approach, and the suitable design to diagnose by the stiffness of tissue was investigated. Using the finite element analysis, the sensor output behavior was predicted. It is confirmed that the analysis is available for investigation of the dimension and the limitation of the sensor against the measuring object.

This paper is concerned with the development of a tactile sensor using PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride) film as a sensory receptor of the sensor to evaluate softness, smoothness, and stickiness of human skin. Tactile sense is the most important sense in the sensation receptor of the human body along with eyesight, and we can examine skin condition quickly using these sense. But, its subjectivity and ambiguity make it difficult to quantify skin conditions. Therefore, development of measurement device which can evaluate skin conditions easily and objectively is demanded by dermatologists, cosmetic industries, and so on. In this paper, an advanced haptic sensor system that can measure multiple information of skin condition in various parts of human body is developed. The applications of the sensor system to evaluate softness, smoothness, and stickiness of skin are investigated through two experiments.

This paper describes a development of a curvature sensor using a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) film. The sensor has a basic structure that an SPE film is sandwiched between thin carbon films. Each carbon is coated with Ag paste and they are covered with polymer films. The SPE film has good flexibility, and can be used in air. In previous research, we clarified output response to deformation of the SPE sensor and the relationship between sensor output and sensor curvature. In this paper, in order to obtain the output characteristics of the curvature sensor, the influence of the position of partial deformation on the sensor output and the relationship between the sensor output and the area size of the deformed part in the SPE film were investigated. As a result, it is found that the sensor output is independent of the position where deformation is applied and that the sensor output has a proportional relation with the area size of the deformation part. Moreover these findings suggest that the sensor output is related to the average of the curvature of the measured surface.

The human finger tip is the most useful tactile sensor part for distinguishing textures. It is possible for fingers to recognize not only surface textures of objects but also the information inside object. "Palpation" in the medical field is an example of techniques utilizing the ability. This study aims to develop a palpation sensor that can obtain both surface and inside information of objects. The palpation sensor that several bimorphic piezoelectric elements are used as sensory receptors is proposed. The output from each element with the position and the velocity information is acquired. Using the position information, it is possible to remove the noise by adjusting time phase of the signals from each bimorphic piezoelectric element. Furthermore, we aim to obtain the information of the sample surface and inside objects by applying additional signal processing to sensor outputs. In this paper, the fundamental characteristics of the prototype sensor system were investigated. First, the signal processing to convert the time history information from the sensor into the positional information was investigated in order to eliminate the influence of mobile speed. Next, the contact condition between sample surface and tip of bimorph piezoelectric element was tested. Finally, electrical cross-talk among bimorphic piezoelectric elements was examined.

PP intervals of pulse main peaks under different physiological states have different nonlinear characteristics. The chaos of PP intervals of pulse main peaks is identified by surrogate data method. With surrogate data method, which is applied to identifying the existing chaos of PP intervals of pulse, it is proved that the series of PP intervals of pulse are chaotic. Some characteristic parameters in the method are used to compare PP intervals of pulse main peaks under different physiological states. A digital signal measuring and recording device for pulse waves is developed. Nonlinear parameters (correlative dimensions, maximum Lyapunov exponents, complexity and approximate entropy) of the PP intervals of pulse main peaks extracted from pulse waves are calculated. The results show that these nonlinear parameters calculated from PP intervals of pulse main peaks are helpful for analyzing human's different physiological states.

Some studies show that Environment Control System (ECS) improves severe disabled people life, one of which is based on analyzing alpha wave following eye closure. This paper proposes a method for detecting the difference of dimension complexity between eye opening and eye closure. By modifying Grassberger and Procaccia algorithm for calculating correlation dimension, this improved method can process overlapped data segment effectively. The value, calculated by this method, is called EEG dimension complexity, which indicates the variability of brain function. Experiments show that EEG dimension complexity is suitable and precise to distinguish two states between eye opening and closure. New method decreases computational cost, and its application shows that this method can be used to control light switch on and off.

This paper presents the design of a 1-DOF (horizontal forward-backward translational motion) power assist system (PAS) for manipulating objects in horizontal direction based on human operator's perception of object weight. We adopt a hypothesis that pertains to human's weight perception. The hypothesis means that the human must consider the mass parameter for the inertial force different from the mass parameter for the gravitational force when programming (feedforward) the load force (tangential to grip surfaces) for manipulating an object with a PAS because the perception and the reality regarding the object weight are different in this case. We simulated the system using Matlab/Simulink. Five subjects manipulated objects of three different sizes with the PAS during the simulation. Subjects subjectively determined the optimum values for the mass parameters of the inertial and the gravitational force components. Optimum mass parameters resulted in optimum maneuverability. Finally, we proposed using the findings to develop humanfriendly PASs for manipulating heavy objects in industries such as manufacturing and assembly, mining, logistics and transport, construction, disaster management, military operations etc.

The pipe manipulator is a developing mechatronic system to enhance productivity and protects workers from cave-ins in the trench while excavating and laying pipe. The pipe manipulator is for installing concrete pipe into the trench. It is an optical-electro-mechanical system. The mechanism is make up of two parts, the upside and underside. The upside is for lifting the equipment by backhoe and rotating the underside mechanism. It includes rigidity lift beams, holding pad, four-bar linkages, hydraulic cylinder, rotating support, and rotating mechanism. Holding pad will press the bucket back to keep the bucket hooking the pipe man safely and stably. The underside mechanism is for lifting, holding and adjusting the pipe section's stance. The underside mechanism includes support trolley, and lift fork. The support trolley is driven by hydraulic cylinder for moving the fork forward or backward while laying a pipe into trench. The fork is with a self-lock mechanism for preventing the pipe from slide out of the prongs. A new photoelectric locating system is developed for auto-measuring the installing pipe section's stance within the work area. The laser target has been developed as a key part in the photoelectric locating systems. The photoelectric target is a rotating polar coordinate. Photodiodes are used for making the polar radius. There is an angular displacement sensor sitting on the heart-axis of the target for measuring angle of the target rotating. The pipe manipulator can be located by the system, and the locating methods have been presented at last of the paper.

The laying pipe manipulator is a new equipment to lay concrete pipe. This kind of manipulator makes the work of laying pipes mechanized and automated. We report here a new laying pipe manipulator. The manipulator has 5 free degrees, and is driven by the hydraulic system. In the paper, one critical question of manipulator is studied: the locating ways of the manipulator to lay concrete pipe. During the process of laying concrete pipe, how to locate the manipulator is realized by the locating system of manipulator. The locating system consists of photoelectric target, laser producer, and computer. According to different construction condition, one or two or three photoelectric targets can be used. During the process of laying concrete pipe, if the interface of pipes are jointed together, and the other segment of pipe deviates from the pipe way, one target can be used, if the angle that the manipulator rotates around the holding pipe's axes is 0°, two targets can be used, three targets can be used at any site. In the paper, according to each locating way, the theory analysis is done. And the mathematical models of the manipulator moving from original position to goal position are obtained by different locating way. And the locating experiment was done. According to the experiment result, the work principle and mathematical models of different locating way was turned out to be well adopted for requirement, the mathematical model of different locating way supplies the basic control theory for the manipulator to lay and joint concrete pipe automatically.

This paper deals with the design of a 1-DOF power assist system (PAS) for lifting objects in vertical direction based on a hypothesis that pertains to operator's weight perception. We particularly studied the relationships among object's displacement, load force (vertical lifting force) and perceived weight for the objects lifted with the PAS. We also compared the load force features for power-assist-lifted objects to that for manually lifted objects for equal heaviness. Finally, we proposed using the findings to develop human-friendly PASs for lifting heavy objects in industries such as construction, military operations, manufacturing and assembly, logistics and transport, mining etc.

GPS is widely used for global positioning system. But GPS signal is easily interrupted when it is used alone. DR (dead reckoning) can calculate the position of mobile robots by using direction and speed sensors. However, DR system error can accumulate over time due to the error of electronic compass and odometer sensors. So DR system can't be used separately for a long time. The integrated navigation system combined GPS with DR will effectively integrated advantages of these two systems, higher positioning precision and reliability. In this paper Kalman filter model for GPS/DR integrated navigation system is set up to filter the GPS and DR data. And then the outputs of Kalman filter are inputted to a BP neural network for training. BP neural network is employed to predict next sampling time GPS output and a new Kalman filter based data fusion method is proposed to do the navigation information fusion with encoders and compass system. Simulation is done to validate the proposed fusion method. The simulation result shows the potential of this fusion method for outside used mobile robot navigation. Finally experiments are done to validate the proposed fusion method.

While assisting elderly in mobility tasks (such as walking, sit-to-stand, and lie-to-sit etc.) the elderly and robots work cooperatively and remain in continuous physical contact during the task. In order to realize a safe and comfortable assistance to elderly, the natural motion patterns of the elderly during a particular task should be respected and augmented by the robot. This paper is focused on designing robot motion paths that accommodate the natural movement patterns of elderly and are based on modeling the caregivers' actions reported in the biomechanics and elder-care literature. As an example, one such motion path for lie-to-sit and sit-to-stand activities is implemented on SpiderBot-II and experimental results are reported in the paper. Proposed motion path is compared with conventional motion path by evaluating through quantitative safety and comfort indices for mobility assistance robots.

75% to 80% of the mobile robot cost is determined by robots design, and to a large extent the efficiency of the production of robots and their performance are also determined. Quantitative evaluation of the virtual design cycle has been plagued robot designers. In this paper, CBD technique is used to design the mobile robots. Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) is used to compare quantitatively the design cycle between virtual design and traditional design. By way of comparison between the virtual design and traditional design used in the design process for the mobile robots, virtual design cycle was shortened the design cycle by more than 40 percent. And at the circumstances of same design cycle, the completion probability of using virtual design is much higher than the designs of using traditional design.

Observing current lifestyles and human growth performance in these past decades we can make a deduction that human workforce going to be reduced until a serious level. We believed that in critical field such as health industries, robots that cooperated with human to handle human patient will provide the help needed to fill the gap. In order to design human cooperative robot that will be able to act and react with human-like features so that the robot can replace the human counterparts, we need to understand how human communicates with human first. This paper discussed the ideal characteristic of how two humans cooperate to complete a cooperative task. The cooperative task experiment involved carrying experiment object in several direction and varying the information available to the experiment subjects. We calculated the smoothness during the cooperative task to understand the ideal cooperative characteristic between two humans.

Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is a communication pathway between devices (computers) and the human brain. It treats brain signals in a real-time basis and deciphers some of what the human brain is doing to give us certain information. In this work, we develop the BCI system based on simultaneous electroencephalograph (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) using various preprocessing and feature extraction methods along with Fisher linear discriminant analysis (FLDA) classifier. Common spatial pattern (CSP) is a spatial filter whose spatially projected signal has maximum power for one class and minimum power for the other. Each single trial is computed by the variance in the time domain. We choose a proper number of patterns in order to make a feature vector. In this work, 6 CSP patterns, the first three and the last three ones are selected. A feature vector consists of 6 variances of each extracted CSP pattern from projected data. Among various CSP methods, we used normal common spatial patterns (CSP), invariant common spatial patterns (iCSP), and common spectral spatial patterns (CSSP) methods to measure the performances. Simultaneous MEG/EEG datasets (340 channels) for four subjects from Eleckta Vectorview system were digitally acquired at a 1 KHz and 8-30Hz bandpass filtered. Total 340 channels consist of three kinds of channel types such as 102 magnetometers, 204 gradiometers and 40 EEG electrodes. Three different modalities such as EEG-only, MEG-only, and simultaneous MEG and EEG were analyzed in order to study comparative BCI performances on three variants of CSP. Particularly, for simultaneous MEG/EEG data we proposed three different combination ways for BCI and their performances were discussed.

A motion analysis was conducted on two humans namely Leader and Follower, while both of them cooperatively moving an object by their hands from one point to the other in anteroposterior direction. The experimental condition was set by manipulating the information of the cooperative task starting signal and termination position given to the Follower. The Minimum Jerk Model was used to evaluate the smoothness of the cooperative task quantitatively. The result was interesting, when all information is available, the task was smoothly done. If some information is not available, Follower will utilize the force acting on his hand to understand and predict the movement of the Leader during the cooperative task.

In order to distinguish the difference of non-stationary signals, the novel time-frequency analysis approach, i.e. Hilbert- Huang transform (HHT), is applied in this paper. Firstly, Hilbert-Huang transform is briefly introduced. Secondly, two different non-stationary signals are described in Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Hilbert spectra. With these results, the two signals that looked apparently similar in time waves are distinctly different from each other. It is proved that HHT is effective for the purpose of distinction of non-stationary signals.

In this paper, multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) based novel watermarking scheme of audio signal is proposed. Using this MOGA scheme small size images are embedded efficiently as a digital watermark in the discrete wavelet domain of audio signal. The main advantage of proposed scheme is that it automatically selects the intensity of watermark for embedding in audio signal. As a result an optimal tradeoffs is obtained between two contradicting properties i.e. robustness and imperceptibility. The results obtained using the proposed MOGA technique show the embedded watermark is more robustness against common cropping and Gaussian noise attacks.

To investigate the human brain activities for aesthetic processing, beautiful woman face picture and ugly buffoon face picture were applied. Twelve subjects were assigned the aesthetic processing task while the electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded. Event-related brain potential (ERP) was required from the 32 scalp electrodes and the ugly buffoon picture produced larger amplitudes for the N1, P2, N2, and late slow wave components. Average ERP from the ugly buffoon picture were larger than that from the beautiful woman picture. The ERP signals shows that the ugly buffoon elite higher emotion waves than the beautiful woman face, because some expression is on the face of the buffoon. Then, chaos time series analysis was carried out to calculate the largest Lyapunov exponent using small data set method and the correlation dimension using G-P algorithm. The results show that the largest Lyapunov exponents of the ERP signals are greater than zero, which indicate that the ERP signals may be chaotic. The correlations dimensions coming from the beautiful woman picture are larger than that from the ugly buffoon picture. The comparison of the correlations dimensions shows that the beautiful face can excite the brain nerve cells. The research in the paper is a persuasive proof to the opinion that cerebrum's work is chaotic under some picture stimuli.

A simple magnetic shielding system for residual magnetization measurements of a motor to be used in satellites is studied. The system consists of same-sized square coils, namely three sets of Simple Cubic-3 coil system. Because the system can generate a uniform magnetic field, we investigate the uniformity of the site. With a first-order gradient coil, the geomagnetic field can be reduced to less than 100 nT in a relatively large area. Inside of the system, the residual magnetization measurements of a step motor are demonstrated. An approach to reduce the magnetic field leakage from the step motor is also presented.

Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites (IPMC) has great application prospects in military, aerospace, biomedical and other fields, and attracts more and more attentions in many countries. However, it works with complex mechanism and varies with circumstance and using times, and also is impressible to the preparation process, which limits its development and utilization. Firstly ,this paper developed a complete set of experimental platform for IPMC fabricated by ourselves to study experimentally the displacement response characteristic with different types, frequencies and amplitudes of stimulation signals. Then, a chirp signal with controllable frequency had been used as a input signal for identification, third-order ARX model as a model of IPMC structure, a multi-innovation least squares recursive (MILSR) identification algorithms as model parameters identification online. This paper gained a relatively accurate linear model through identification the model parameters. Thirdly, according to the linear model, both a PID controller and a LMI (Linear Matrix Inequality) based optimal H infinity (∞) controller had been designed. The simulation results show that the controller can effectively control the linear characteristics of IPMC and repeated experiments in the system are still valid. Through controlling two different model of using for 50 times fore-and aft, it has been proved that the optimal H infinity controller has good robustness.

Techniques from perturbation method, reliability-based design theory, sensitivity approach are employed to present a practical and efficient perturbation method for the reliability-based sensitivity analysis. The theory formulae of reliability sensitivity are obtained. The respective program can be used to obtain the reliability sensitivity accurately and quickly. The numerical results demonstrate that the method presented is a convenient reliability sensitivity method.

The paper starts with the active straightening regulations of the compound-roller straightener in certain factory. It adopted the explicit dynamics FEM software ANSYS/LS-DYNA and carried out the numerical simulation calculation of the compound-roller straightening process for 60 kg/m heavy rail with original curvature. It also made post-processing program to manage the simulation results and obtained the geometry dimension changing information of heavy rail after straightening. It analysed the geometry dimension changing conditions of heavy rail after straightening. It has great reference value to improve the quality of heavy rail.