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Rare-earth doped upconversion nanocrystals are emerging as the next-generation luminescent biomaterials. Here we load
NaYF4: Yb/Er and NaYF4: Yb/Tm upconversion nanocrystals into a soft-glass suspended-core optical fiber dip sensor,
allowing sensitive measurements and power-dependent characterizations to be performed. This, in combination with
negligible background autofluorescence from the glass fiber when using infrared excitation has provided a significant
improvement in terms of sensitivity over what has previously been demonstrated using an optical fiber dip sensor.
For detection we employ suspended-core optical fibers, which have found extensive use in sensing applications. These
combine the high evanescent overlap comparable to that of a nanowire, with the robust handling characteristics and long
interaction length of a conventional fiber. The fiber sensor platform allows measurements to be performed using minimal
sample volumes (<20 nL) while still maintaining the sensitivity of the platform.
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Erik P. Schartner, Dayong Jin, Jiangbo Zhao, Tanya M. Monro, "Sensitive detection of NaYF4: Yb/Tm nanoparticles using suspended core microstructured optical fibers," Proc. SPIE 8595, Colloidal Nanocrystals for Biomedical Applications VIII, 85950X (22 February 2013); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2004236