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Adaptive optics is a strategy to compensate for sample-induced aberrations in microscopy applications. Generally, it requires the presence of "guide stars" in the sample to serve as localized reference targets. We describe an implementation of conjugate adaptive optics that is amenable to widefield (i.e. non-scanning) microscopy, and can provide aberration corrections over potentially large fields of view without the use of guide stars. A unique feature of our implementation is that it is based on wavefront sensing with a single-shot partitioned-aperture sensor that provides large dynamic range compatible with extended samples. Combined information provided by this sensor and the imaging camera enable robust image de-blurring based on a rapid estimation of sample and aberrations obtained by closed-loop feedback. We present the theoretical principle of our technique and experimental demonstrations using both trans-illumination and fluorescence microscopes. Finally, we apply our technique to mouse brain imaging.
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Jerome Mertz, Jiang Li, Devin Beaulieu, Hari P. Paudel, Roman Barankov, Thomas G. Bifano, "Adaptive optics without guide stars
(Conference Presentation)," Proc. SPIE 9717, Adaptive Optics and Wavefront Control for Biological Systems II, 97170F (27 April 2016); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2218574