Sculpting light in 3D at high speeds is critical to track and manipulate biological events at cellular scales in real-time. Yet, even the current state of the art, Computer-Generated Holography (CGH), operates with slow algorithms and does not provide enough degrees of control to focus light precisely through deep biological tissue. We address these two challenges with new hardware and algorithms. First, we introduce DeepCGH, a deep learning model that synthesizes 3D holograms in milliseconds, and we demonstrate experimental benefits in multiphoton microscopy applications. We then present new optical instruments that modulate light both in space and time to render 4D light fields with much greater fidelity than coherent CGH techniques.
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