We present ultrafast vectorial electric field measurements of plasmonic skyrmions, merons, quasicrystalline structures, and skyrmion bags. 10 nm spatial resolution, sub-fs temporal resolution, and vectorial properties of the surface plasmon field on single crystalline, atomically flat gold surfaces are presented. Our techniques combine ultrafast vector PEEM and interferometric s-SNOM. Our tailored model systems reveal a rich set of topological phenomena, reaching even into 4-dimensional topology.
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