Photobiomodulation (PBM) using near-infrared (NIR)-II light has been shown to enhance anti-cancer immunity by reducing oxidative stress, promoting proliferation, and reducing PD-1 expression in tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, ultimately suppressing tumor progression. Meanwhile, photoimmunotherapy (PIT) using NIR light has also shown promise in cancer treatment, inducing a strong anti-cancer immune response. Combining PBM with laser-based phototherapy, including PIT, could have the potential to amplify their therapeutic effects maximally, offering a promising avenue for developing safe and effective cancer therapies.
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