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We present a universal polarization transformer composed of diffractive layers and linear polarizer arrays, capable of all-optically synthesizing a large set of complex-valued polarization scattering matrices between the polarization states at different positions within its input and output fields-of-view. We numerically demonstrated that our deep learning-based design could synthesize 10,000 different spatially-encoded polarization scattering matrices within a single diffractive volume. Using wire-grid polarizers and 3D-printed diffractive layers, we also demonstrated an experimental proof-of-concept by achieving an all-optical polarization permutation operation with 16. Our innovative framework can inspire new devices with versatile polarization control capabilities in various fields.
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