Atmospheric optical properties play an important role in many problems, such as military-systems analysis, climatology, pollution monitoring, global energy balance, etc. Unfortunately, atmospheric effects from molecular absorption/ scattering, aerosol absorption/scattering, clouds (ice and water), solar scattering, path refraction and surface reflections, are very complex, sometimes overwhelming. In the early 1970s, a strong need was recognized for a comprehensive and validated model to account for all the effects possible from the Earth’s atmosphere. The USAF Cambridge Laboratory responded with long-term model development to meet this need, which led to MODTRAN®.
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