Novel optical technologies for imaging and manipulation of brain structure and function span from visualization of intracellular organelles and protein assemblies to noninvasive macroscopic investigation of cortical activity in human subjects. The methods and applications are growing rapidly and are driving profound advances in understanding brain phenomena such as electrical excitability, neuroglial partnership, neurovascular signaling, metabolic activity, and hemodynamics in health and disease. At the interface of optics and neuroscience, Neurophotonics covers advances in optical technology applicable to study of the brain and their impact on the basic and clinical neuroscience applications. Neurophotonics publishes peer-reviewed papers on a broad range of topics highlighting the impact of novel optical methods in the neurosciences. Some representative, but not exhaustive, examples include development and applications of:

• Microscopic methods
• Super-resolution nanoscopic methods
• Optogenetics and other optical methods of manipulating cellular behavior
• Synthetic and genetically encoded optical reporters and actuators
• Optical clearing methods
• Methods to investigate neuroglial and vascular physiology
• Methods to investigate cellular energetics
• Noninvasive methods of measuring and imaging brain function and physiology
• Photoacoustic methods spanning from optical to acoustic resolution
• Clinical and translation applications
• Computational methods relevant to understanding and interpreting optical measurements.