Organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) are projected to provide a
low-cost, long-lived, and efficient wide area lighting
solution if challenges in reliability, cost, and efficiency can be overcome. Development of new transparent conducting
oxides (TCOs) that do not contain indium for use as the anode in bottom-emitting OLEDs can lead to cost savings and provide longer device lifetimes. Indium-free TCOs need to meet or exceed performance targets including high
conductivity and visible light transmission, acceptable stability and, for blue or white OLEDs, a high work function to
match the deep HOMO of the hole transport material. In this work, we report results from our efforts to scale up sputter deposition on large area substrates (up to hundreds of cm2) of a
Ga-doped ZnO TCO having a composition identified
using combinatorial methods. We present the results of initial
scale-up efforts and evaluate relevant properties for these
films. Finally, we have incorporated these materials in the production of OLEDs, and show performance comparisons
between devices fabricated on the scaled-up GZO and commercial indium tin oxide (ITO). The results demonstrate that
we are able to generate substrates with the appropriate work function to reduce the operating voltage of blue
phosphorescent OLEDs compared to commercial ITO. This work
function-HOMO energy matching leads to more efficient charge injection into the device hole transport layer.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.