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This interface is provided with different features that enable the evaluation of the spatial and time-depending stability of the detectors to be analyzed, such as the splitting of the videos into the different frames that compose the measurement or the numerical addition of a series of frames to generate a time-integrated image. In addition, it is capable of extracting and classifying each of the local luminous events that reach the MCP in every single frame (or in a set of frames) by adjusting different parameters of the DAOFIND algorithm such as the threshold, the full-width half-maximum or the sigma radius. The interface creates a list of all identified events, specifying their position, size or intensity. From this data, a 3Drepresentation of the spatial distribution of the classified events can be generated as heat maps, as well as a representation of the number of events detected within a confined area of the detector to evaluate the stability of the response at any moment.
This tool has been developed in Python and will be released as open software to the scientific community.
MCPSim-Py: an open source python-based simulator of the performance of MCP photon-counting detectors
There is a growing interest in lunar exploration fed by the perception that the Moon can be made accessible to low-cost missions in the next decade. The ongoing projects to set a communications relay in lunar orbit and a deep space gateway, as well as the spreading of commercial-of-the shelf technology for small space platforms such as the cubesats contribute to this perception. Small, cubesat size satellites orbiting the Moon offer ample opportunities to study the Moon and enjoy an advantage point to monitor the Solar System and the large-scale interaction between the Earth and the solar wind. We describe the technical characteristics of a 12U cubesat to be set in polar lunar orbit for this purpose and the science behind it. The mission is named Earth as an exoplanet (EarthASAP) and is submitted to the Lunar Cubesats for Exploration call in 2016. EarthASAP is designed to monitor hydrated rock reservoirs in the lunar poles and to study the interaction between the large Earth’s exosphere and the solar wind in preparation for future exoplanetary missions.
This paper describes the complete optical design of Arago’s instrument, as proposed to ESA as an answer to its M5 call, from the 1.3-m diameter telescope to the detectors. The design of the polarimeter is presented as well as the unusual way of demodulating the polarization information, in order to have a polychromatic polarimeter working with the same efficiency from FUV to NIR. The optical design of the UV and visible échelle spectrographs and their detection chains are also presented, as well as the achieved performances.
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