KEYWORDS: Magnetism, Signal detection, Magnetic sensors, Femtosecond phenomena, Ferromagnetics, Pulsed laser operation, Electromagnetic radiation, Signal processing, Process modeling, Laser optics
An experimental investigation of the detection of optical laser radiation in a magnetized transparent ferromagnet, at room temperature was made. As a source of electromagnetic radiation in the optical region we used Spectra-Physics Mai-Tai femtosecond laser with a wavelength tuning range from 710 nm to 950 nm. The laser radiation was linearly polarized, and the peak power was about 300 kW. For the detection of laser pulses a monocrystalline ferromagnet YIG was used, which is partially transparent in the laser tuning region. It is established that the detection is due to the nonlinearity of the static magnetization curve. To determine the dependence of the degree of correlation between the magnetization curve and the amplitude of the detected signal, on the external magnetic field, the detection process was modeled in Matlab. The comparison shows that the results of measurements and simulations correlate well with each other, and the magnitude and sign of the detected signal correspond to the curves of static magnetization.
An active waveguide-antenna in which the nonlinear crystal is the source of THz radiation is considered. The coherent terahertz radiation generated via optical rectification of 100 fs pulses of a Ti: sapphire laser in a system of a “nonlinear optical crystal partially filling the cross section of a metal rectangular waveguide” is investigated. It is shown that the fulfillment of the phase-matching condition and the optimization of the characteristics of radiation transmission through the integrated system “nonlinear crystal + waveguide” affect the efficiency of generation of THz radiation.
The finite-element method was employed to model and simulate the terahertz (THz) wave propagation in a tapered waveguide. The relatively infrequent use of dielectric waveguides and antennas is due to the lack of analysis tools. Maxwell's equations have an analytical solution only for a rectangular shape crystal. Lack of analysis tools inhibits antenna development because physicist must resort to cut-and-try methods. It is only recently that simulation of electromagnetic fields in arbitrarily shaped media has become fast and practical.Numerical simulation results showed changes in the mode structure of the THz radiation along the length of the crystal, the concentration of the THz field inside the crystal and the radiation structure from the crystal-air interface. Excitation of ТHz radiation in the tapered waveguide with the help of an optical laser pulse permits the resolution of problems connected with input/output coupling - mode matching and single mode propagation. THz energy concentration by dielectric wedge antenna improves the spatial resolution and increases the signal/noise ratio (SNR) for the THz imaging and spectroscopy.
We present a review on terahertz diagnostics in dentistry. Time domain and spectral domain imaging studies are compared. Imaging built on mapping time-domain dependencies delivers the information on mechanisms of light transport in tissue: ballistic, quasi-ballistic and diffusive photon transfer. Imaging utilizing transform in
frequency-domain provides a wealth of data on specific characterization of object: spectral and chemical content, tissue structure and composition and various kind of tissue abnormalities.
We report on the studies of kinetics of broad-band generation via optical rectification into terahertz domain using a sample of LiNbO3 partially filling a hollow metallic waveguide to increase the coherence length, enabling the observation of transition between phase-mismatched and phase-matched mechanisms of terahertz frequency generation.
The potentiality to increase light pulse conversion efficiency into pulses of the millimeter and submillimeter (GHz - THz) range using the waveguide partially filled with a nonlinear crystal is suggested. This technique has been theoretically substantiated and experimentally studied. Phase matching is defined by the degree of partial filling. The calculated data as well as the experimental results of the difference frequency generation in LiNbO3, ZnTe, GaAs and DAST crystals are presented. DAST refractive index as well as its tn(delta) have been measured in the 70 - 900 GHz frequency range.
A new method for USP laser intensity autocorrelation function measurement on the basis of its recording in microwave band is suggested and realized. The application of microwave radiation expands the spectrum boundaries of the correlation method both in VUV and in IR regions of spectrum. This method may be used in those cases where the SHG is inapplicable or low efficient.
The possibility of increasing the light transformation efficiency into SHF range by means of nonlinear crystal partially filling cross-section of the waveguide is suggested, theoretically grounded, and experimentally realized. The phase matching condition is provided by the degree of partial filling. Difference frequency radiation slowing factors and optimal thickness of LiNbO3 crystal are calculated for USP generation within the range of 2 - 46 mm. USP SHF train with a frequency repetition of approximately 108 Hz and transformation efficiency in energy pumping up to 28% of maximum value is obtained.
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