In this work we present a phase-retrieval-based approach to quantifying the diffusion of drugs through biomembranes or biofilms. So far, the phenomenon was studied based on fringe orientation resulting from a refractive index gradient in the vicinity of the interface. The result is usually obtained with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with an imaging system. This approach limits the spatial resolution of the method and does not allow observation of local changes in the diffusion. For this reason, we propose to use a single-shot phase retrieval method by utilizing a polarization-sensitive CMOS sensor to obtain four phase-shifted interferograms in a polarization-modified version of the interferometer. Finally, we demonstrate the operation of the system by quantitative analysis of ampicillin diffusion through Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formed on the polyethylene terepthtalate membrane.
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