KEYWORDS: 3D modeling, Clouds, Cameras, Chemical analysis, 3D image processing, 3D image reconstruction, 3D acquisition, Fringe analysis, Calibration, Statistical analysis
Deterioration of artwork, in particular paintings, can be produced by environmental factors such as temperature
fluctuations, relative humidity variations, ultraviolet radiation and biological factors among others. The effects of these
parameters produce changes in both the painting structure and chemical composition. While well established analytical
methodologies, such as those based in Raman Spectroscopy and FTIR Spectroscopy require the extraction of a sample
for its inspection, other approaches such as hyperspectral imaging and 3D scanning present advantages for in-situ, noninvasive
analysis of artwork. In this paper we introduce a novel system and the related methodology to acquire process,
generate and analyze 4D data of paintings. Our system is based on non-contact techniques and is used to develop
analytical tools which extract rich 3D and hyperspectral maps of the objects, which are processed to obtain accurate
quantitative estimations of the deterioration and degradation present in the piece of art. In particular, the construction of
4D data allows the identification of risk maps on the painting representation, which can allow the curators and restorers
in the task of painting state evaluation and prioritize intervention actions.
The SYDDARTA project is an on-going European Commission funded initiative under the 7th Framework Programme. Its main objective is the development of a pre-industrial prototype for diagnosing the deterioration of movable art assets. The device combines two different optical techniques for the acquisition of data. On one hand, hyperspectral imaging is implemented by means of electronically tunable filters. On the other, 3D scanning, using structured light projection and capturing is developed. These techniques are integrated in a single piece of equipment, allowing the recording of two optical information streams. Together with multi-sensor data merging and information processing, estimates of artwork deterioration and degradation can be made. In particular, the resulting system will implement two optical channels (3D scanning and short wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging) featuring a structured light projector and electronically tunable spectral separators. The system will work in the VIS-NIR range (400-1000nm), and SWIR range (900-2500nm). It will be also portable and user-friendly. Among all possible art work under consideration, Baroque paintings on canvas and wooden panels were selected as the project case studies.
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