Dr. Arlee V. Smith Profile

Dr. Arlee V. Smith

Technical Consultant at AS-Photonics LLC

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Area of Expertise:

Nonlinear optics , Fiber lasers/amplifiers , Optical parametric oscillators , Numerical modeling in optics , Optical damage

Websites:

Company Website

Publications (38)

Proceedings Article | 9 March 2016 Paper

A comparison of mode instability in Yb- and Tm-doped fiber amplifiers

Arlee Smith, Jesse Smith

Proceedings Volume 9728, 97280C (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2209189

KEYWORDS: Thulium, Fiber amplifiers, Ytterbium, Fiber lasers, Doping, Thermal effects, Thermal modeling, Rayleigh scattering, Amplifiers, Ions, Signal processing, Cladding, Thermal optics

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Proceedings Article | 4 March 2015 Paper

Influence of signal bandwidth on mode instability thresholds of fiber amplifiers

Jesse Smith, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 9344, 93440L (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2077021

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Fiber amplifiers, Rayleigh scattering, Optical amplifiers, Signal processing, Picosecond phenomena, Refractive index, Step index fibers, Laser scattering

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Proceedings Article | 7 March 2014 Paper

Raising the mode instability thresholds of fiber amplifiers

Arlee Smith, Jesse Smith

Proceedings Volume 8961, 89611S (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2037097

KEYWORDS: Rayleigh scattering, Cladding, Refractive index, Doping, Amplitude modulation, Absorption, Laser damage threshold, Thermal modeling, Light scattering, Fiber amplifiers

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Proceedings Article | 26 February 2013 Paper

Mode instability thresholds of fiber amplifiers

Arlee Smith, Jesse Smith

Proceedings Volume 8601, 860108 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2002669

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Signal attenuation, Fiber amplifiers, Absorption, Amplitude modulation, Rayleigh scattering, Amplifiers, Numerical modeling, High power fiber amplifiers, Phase modulation

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Proceedings Article | 4 December 2012 Paper

The damage mechanism in borosilicate glass generated by nanosecond pulsed laser at 1.064 μm

Binh Do, Mark Kimmel, Michael Pack, Randal Schmitt, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 8530, 853008 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.979243

KEYWORDS: Plasma, Pulsed laser operation, Electrons, Optical damage, Borosilicate glass, Absorption, Laser scattering, Glasses, Scattering, Ionization

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Proceedings Article | 16 February 2012 Paper

Thermally induced mode instability in high power fiber amplifiers

Arlee Smith, Jesse Smith

Proceedings Volume 8237, 82370B (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.906058

KEYWORDS: High power fiber amplifiers, Amplifiers, Fiber amplifiers, Photonic crystal fibers, Step index fibers, Thermal modeling, Absorption, Raman spectroscopy, Beam propagation method, Signal attenuation

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Proceedings Article | 28 November 2011 Paper

Deterministic single shot and multiple shot bulk laser damage thresholds of borosilicate glass at 1.064 micron

Mark Kimmel, Binh Do, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 8190, 81900Z (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.899301

KEYWORDS: Laser damage threshold, Glasses, Pulsed laser operation, Silica, Borosilicate glass, Electrons, Plasma, Neodymium, Bulk lasers, Picosecond phenomena

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Proceedings Article | 29 November 2010 Paper

How to polish fused silica to obtain the surface damage threshold equals to the bulk damage threshold

Troy Alley, Peter Allard, Rod Schuster, David Collier, Arlee Smith, Binh Do, Alice Kilgo

Proceedings Volume 7842, 784226 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.868416

KEYWORDS: Polishing, Laser damage threshold, Surface finishing, Silica, Pulsed laser operation, Cerium, Oxides, Q switched lasers, Plasma, Laser induced damage

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Proceedings Article | 18 February 2010 Paper

Far-UV solid state lasers for semiconductor processing

James Jacob, Darrell Armstrong, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 7582, 75820U (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.843849

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Crystals, Solid state lasers, Deep ultraviolet, Semiconductor manufacturing, Lithography, Nd:YAG lasers, Nonlinear optics, Semiconductors, Laser crystals

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Proceedings Article | 17 February 2010 Paper

Deterministic single shot and multiple shots bulk damage thresholds for doped and undoped crystalline and ceramic YAG

Binh Do, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 7578, 75781V (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.841485

KEYWORDS: YAG lasers, Laser damage threshold, Crystals, Ceramics, Pulsed laser operation, Laser crystals, Electrons, Nd:YAG lasers, Plasma, Q switched lasers

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Proceedings Article | 31 December 2009 Paper

Deterministic single shot and multiple shots bulk damage thresholds for doped and undoped crystalline and ceramic YAG

Binh Do, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 7504, 75041O (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.836803

KEYWORDS: YAG lasers, Crystals, Laser damage threshold, Ceramics, Pulsed laser operation, Laser crystals, Electrons, Plasma, Silica, Laser induced damage

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Proceedings Article | 19 February 2009 Paper

Modeling of pulsed-fiber sources

Arlee Smith, G. Ronald Hadley, Roger Farrow

Proceedings Volume 7195, 719517 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.807204

KEYWORDS: Fiber amplifiers, Continuous wave operation, Optical damage, Phase modulation, Fiber lasers, Thermal modeling, Medium wave, Step index fibers, Four wave mixing, Optical amplifiers

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Proceedings Article | 30 December 2008 Paper

Nanosecond 1064nm damage thresholds for bare and anti-reflection coated silica surfaces

Arlee Smith, Binh Do, John Bellum, Rod Schuster, David Collier

Proceedings Volume 7132, 71321T (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.804130

KEYWORDS: Laser damage threshold, Surface finishing, Polishing, Silica, Antireflective coatings, Reflection, Q switched lasers, Coating, Pulsed laser operation, Cerium

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We employed the same measurement techniques that have proven successful for bulk damage thresholds measurements to measure damage thresholds of bare silica surfaces polished using various methods and to measure damage thresholds for antireflection coated silica, again for various surface polishes. Light in a single transverse and longitudinal mode, from a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser is focused to an 8 µm spot on the front and rear surfaces of silica windows polished using ceria, alumina, or alumina/silica to find the damage threshold. We repeated the exercise for the same surfaces anti reflection coated with silica/hafnia film stacks. We used surface third harmonic generation to precisely place the focus on the surfaces. Key findings include: 1. The surface damage threshold can be made equal to the bulk damage threshold. There is a large difference in single-pulse damage thresholds of bare silica surfaces polished using ceria, alumina, and alumina followed by silica. The ceria polished samples have a statistical damage threshold ranging from 50 to 450 GW/cm². The alumina polished surfaces damage at 200-500 GW/cm², with half the spots damaging at the bulk threshold of 500 GW/cm². The windows polished by alumina followed by silica damage almost universally at the bulk damage threshold of 500 GW/cm². 2. There are strong conditioning effects for these surfaces. The ceria polished surfaces have reduced thresholds for multiple pulses. The alumina polished surfaces attain the bulk damage threshold at most locations using multiple pulse annealing. 3. The underlying polishes strongly affect the damage thresholds for the AR coatings. The alumina plus silica polished samples have the highest thresholds, with statistical variations from 150-380 GW/cm². The alumina polished samples damage at only 50 GW/cm², but with annealing the threshold rises to 200 GW/cm², while the ceria polished samples damage at 50-200 GW/cm² with no strong multiple shot effect. 4. We found there was no beam size variation of the damage threshold irradiance for the bare alumina/silica polished samples. 5. We showed that air breakdown does not limit the surface irradiance, silica breakdown does. 6. We recorded damage morphologies for the different surfaces.

Proceedings Article | 30 December 2008 Paper

Picosecond-nanosecond bulk damage of fused silica at 1064nm

Arlee Smith, Binh Do

Proceedings Volume 7132, 71321E (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.804129

KEYWORDS: Laser damage threshold, Silica, Picosecond phenomena, Q switched lasers, Optical damage, Plasma, Pulsed laser operation, Polarization, Ionization, Laser induced damage

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We are interested in maximizing the performance of fiber lasers and amplifiers, particularly for amplification of ps-ns pulses. The observed pulse energies from large mode area fiber amplifiers routinely exceed the reported bulk damage threshold of silica. We have undertaken a program to establish the intrinsic damage thresholds of silica that are relevant for fiber applications. We use a single transverse / single longitudinal mode Q-switched Nd:YAG laser focused to an 8-µm spot several Rayleigh ranges deep in silica windows for the nanosecond measurement, and a Q-switched, mode locked Nd:YAG laser for the picoseconds measurements. Our key findings include: 1. The damage threshold is deterministic rather than statistical for both ns and ps pulses. The threshold varies less than 1% from location to location. 2. The intrinsic damage threshold of silica is 475±25 GW/cm² (fluence = 3850 J/cm²) for 8 ns pulses and approximately 3 times higher for 14 ps pulses. 3. There is no difference in damage thresholds among Corning's A0, B1, C1, D1, D2, and D5 grades of silica. 4. A tight focus is required to avoid large self focusing corrections and to avoid SBS for the 8-ns pulses. 5. Damage morphologies are reproducible from pulse to pulse but change with focal spot size and pulse duration. In all cases, damage appears to begin exactly at the focus and then move upstream approximately one Rayleigh range. 6. The dependence of the damage threshold fluence on pulse duration is nearly linear for pulse durations longer than 50 ps. The square root of duration dependence reported by several investigators for the 50 ps to 10 ns range is refuted. 7. The variation of damage fluence with pulse duration from 20 fs to 20 ns and beyond is well described by a single electron avalanche rate equation with three fixed rates for the avalanche, multiphoton ionization, and electron recombination terms. 8. Our damage threshold is consistent with the most reliable DC field breakdown threshold. 9. We verified in detail the self focusing corrections and the SBS thresholds for our measurement conditions. 10. The damage threshold is affected little by mechanical strain at levels similar to those in polarization-preserving fiber.

Proceedings Article | 14 April 2008 Paper

Overview of Sandia's fiber laser program

Dahv A. Kliner, Ray Bambha, Binh Do, Roger Farrow, Jean-Philippe Fève, Brian Fox, G. Ronald Hadley, Andrea Hansen, Hanna Hoffman, Mircea Hotoleanu, Alexandra Hoops, Wen Hsu, Jeffrey Koplow, Joona Koponen, Sean Moore, Randal Schmitt, Paul Schrader, Joseph Simmons, Kelly Simmons-Potter, Arlee Smith, Mikko Söderlund, W. Joseph Thomes, Georg Wien

Proceedings Volume 6952, 695202 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.782227

KEYWORDS: Fiber amplifiers, Diodes, Fiber lasers, Optical amplifiers, 3D modeling, Nonlinear dynamics, Optical damage, Performance modeling, Optical filters, Optical pumping

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Proceedings Article | 22 February 2008 Paper

Rate equation model of bulk optical damage of silica, and the influence of polishing on surface optical damage of silica

Arlee Smith, Binh Do, Rod Schuster, David Collier

Proceedings Volume 6873, 68730U (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.774620

KEYWORDS: Laser damage threshold, Silica, Surface finishing, Polishing, Picosecond phenomena, Optical damage, Pulsed laser operation, Plasma, Q switched lasers, Ionization

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Our objective is to understand the mechanism that generates catastrophic optical damage in pulsed fiber amplifiers. We measured optical damage thresholds of bulk fused silica at 1064 nm for 8 ns and 14 ps pulses. The 8 ns pulse is single longitudinal mode from a Q-switched laser, and the 14 ps pulse is from a Q-switched mode-lock laser. The beams in both cases are TEM₀₀ mode, and they are focused to a 7.5 μm spot inside a fused silica window. The pulse-to-pulse energy variations are 1% for 8 ns pulses and 5% for 14 ps pulses. Under these conditions optical damage is always accompanied by plasma formation at the focal spot; we found the damage threshold fluences are 3854 ± 85 J/cm² for the 8 ns pulses and 25.4 ± 1.0 J/cm² for the 14 ps pulses. These fluences are corrected for self focusing. Both damage thresholds are deterministic, in contrast to the claim often made in the literature that optical damage is statistical in the nanosecond range. The measured damage threshold fluences for 8 ns and 14 ps pulses do not fit a square root of pulse duration scaling rule. We interpret the damage in terms of plasma formation initiated by multiphoton ionization and amplified by an electron avalanche. The damage threshold irradiance can be matched with a simple rate equation model that includes multiphoton ionization, electron avalanche, and electron-hole recombination. The damage morphologies are dramatically different in the nanosecond and picosecond cases because of the large difference in deposited energy. However, both morphologies are reproducible from pulse to pulse. We also measured surface damage thresholds for silica windows polished by different methods. We find that cerium oxide polished surfaces damage at approximately 40% of the bulk threshold, with a large statistical spread. Surfaces prepared using an Al₂O₃ polish damaged between 50% and 100% of the bulk damage limit, with a substantial fraction at 100%. Surfaces polished using first the Al₂O₃ polish and then an SiO₂ polish exhibit surface damage values equal to the bulk damage value at nearly every point. We also measured damage thresholds for different sized focal spots. Some earlier reports have claimed that damage thresholds depend strongly on the size of the focal spot, but we find the surface threshold is independent of the spot size.

Proceedings Article | 13 February 2008 Paper

High-power, high-energy ZGP OPA pumped by a 2.05-um Ho:YLF MOPA system

Alexey Dergachev, Darrell Armstrong, Arlee Smith, Thomas Drake, Marc Dubois

Proceedings Volume 6875, 687507 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.765275

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Crystals, Mirrors, Beam splitters, Laser crystals, Oscillators, Amplifiers, Image quality, 3D modeling, Optical amplifiers

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Proceedings Article | 23 February 2007 Paper

Deterministic nanosecond laser-induced breakdown thresholds in pure and Yb3+ doped fused silica

Arlee Smith, Binh Do, Mikko Soderlund

Proceedings Volume 6453, 645317 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.701399

KEYWORDS: Laser damage threshold, Silica, Pulsed laser operation, Ytterbium, Laser induced damage, Plasma, Optical damage, Q switched lasers, Surface finishing, Medium wave

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Proceedings Article | 22 February 2007 Paper

Three-dimensional, time-dependent modeling of high-power fiber amplifiers

G. Ronald Hadley, Roger Farrow, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 6453, 64531B (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.717376

KEYWORDS: 3D modeling, Fiber amplifiers, Beam propagation method, Optical simulations, Data modeling, Distortion, Beam shaping, Optimization (mathematics), Refraction, Dispersion

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Proceedings Article | 20 February 2007 Paper

Numerical modeling of self-focusing beams in fiber amplifiers

Roger Farrow, G. Ronald Hadley, Arlee Smith, Dahv Kliner

Proceedings Volume 6453, 645309 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.701571

KEYWORDS: Medium wave, Beam propagation method, Fiber amplifiers, Waveguides, Wave propagation, Multimode fibers, Step index fibers, Numerical modeling, Dielectrics, Optical amplifiers

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Proceedings Article | 9 February 2007 Paper

Self-focusing in high-power optical fibers

G. Ronald Hadley, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 6475, 64750G (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.706132

KEYWORDS: Medium wave, Beam propagation method, Optical fibers, Waveguides, Wave propagation, Chromium, Geometrical optics, Light wave propagation, Dielectrics, Gaussian beams

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Proceedings Article | 23 January 2007 Paper

Nanosecond laser-induced breakdown in pure and Yb3+-doped fused silica

Arlee Smith, Binh Do, Mikko Soderlund

Proceedings Volume 6403, 640321 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.696261

KEYWORDS: Laser damage threshold, Silica, Pulsed laser operation, Laser induced damage, Optical damage, Plasma, Ytterbium, Electrons, Optical testing, Transmission electron microscopy

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Proceedings Article | 17 April 2006 Paper

Frequency locking in a degenerate polarization mixing optical parametric oscillator

Pinhas Blau, Shaul Pearl, Gal Kalmani, Ady Arie, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 6190, 61900O (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.662383

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Crystals, Polarization, Wave plates, Nonlinear crystals, Mirrors, Polarizers, Wave propagation, Laser crystals, Nd:YAG lasers

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Proceedings Article | 23 February 2006 Paper

Bent-waveguide modeling of large-mode-area, double-clad fibers for high-power lasers

G. Hadley, Roger Farrow, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 6102, 61021S (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.656699

KEYWORDS: Medium wave, Beam propagation method, Optical fibers, Fiber lasers, Laser beam propagation, Systems modeling, Wave propagation, Amplifiers, High power lasers, Optical simulations

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Proceedings Article | 10 February 2006 Paper

High-efficiency high-energy wavelength-doubling optical parametric oscillator

Darrell Armstrong, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 6103, 61030C (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.646503

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Mirrors, Crystals, Nd:YAG lasers, Polarization, Mode locking, Energy efficiency, Ferroelectric materials, Laser stabilization, Polarizers

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Proceedings Article | 31 August 2005 Paper

Efficient all-solid-state UV lidar sources: from 100s of millijoules to 100s of microjoules

Darrell Armstrong, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 5887, 588703 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.620577

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Ultraviolet radiation, Crystals, LIDAR, Nd:YAG lasers, Laser crystals, UV optics, Mirrors, Satellites, Ferroelectric materials

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Proceedings Article | 23 March 2005 Paper

High efficiency intra-cavity sum-frequency-generation in a self-seeded image-rotating nanosecond optical parametric oscillator

Darrell Armstrong, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 5710, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.589697

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Crystals, Ultraviolet radiation, Output couplers, Nd:YAG lasers, Ferroelectric materials, Energy efficiency, Pulsed laser operation, Image quality, Signal generators

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Proceedings Article | 12 January 2005 Paper

All solid-state high-efficiency source for satellite-based UV ozone DIAL

Darrell Armstrong, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 5653, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.579615

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Ultraviolet radiation, Crystals, Beam shaping, Nd:YAG lasers, Energy efficiency, Sum-frequency generation, Satellites, Optical amplifiers, Laser crystals

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Proceedings Article | 29 September 2004 Paper

Using a Newport refractive beam shaper to generate high-quality flat-top spatial profiles from a flashlamp-pumped commercial Nd:YAG laser

Darrell Armstrong, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 5525, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.557848

KEYWORDS: Beam shaping, Optical amplifiers, Nd:YAG lasers, Oscillators, Mirrors, Spatial filters, Nonlinear optics, Laser systems engineering, Optical parametric oscillators, Iris

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We've generated high-quality flat-top spatial profiles from a modified Continuum Powerlite 9010 Nd:YAG laser using the Gaussian-to-flat-top refractive beam shaper available from Newport Corporation. The Powerlite is a flashlamp-pumped, Q-switched, injection-seeded Nd:YAG laser manufactured in 1993 that delivers 1.6 J at 10 Hz using an oscillator and two 9 mm diameter amplifier rods. While its pulse energy is impressive, its beam quality is typically poor, an all too common characteristic of research-grade Nd:YAG lasers manufactured in the late 1980's and early 1990's. Structure in its near-field spatial fluence profile is reminiscent of round-aperture diffraction that is superposed with additional hot spots. These characteristics are largely due to poor beam quality from the oscillator coupled with over-filled amplifier rods, and reflect a design philosophy from the era of organic dye lasers. When these older laser systems are used for tasks like pumping optical parametric oscillators (OPO's), or for other applications demanding good beam quality, their designs are simply inadequate. To improve the 9010's beam quality we spatially filter the oscillator beam and remove the resulting Airy rings with an iris, then collimate and magnify the remaining central disk so its diameter is appropriate for input to the refractive shaper. The output of the beam shaper is then double-pass amplified through two amplifier rods with thermally induced focusing compensated by a negative lens before the first pass and by a convex mirror before the second pass. Using this approach we've obtained single-pass energy exceeding 250 mJ with little degradation of the flat-top profile and 950 mJ after double pass amplification. After double-passing the two amplifier rods the beam suffers some degradation in symmetry and uniformity, but is still much improved compared to the beam obtained using the 9010's original factory configuration. We find the modified 9010's flat-top profile improves conversion efficiency when used for our applications in crystal nonlinear optics.

Proceedings Article | 18 June 2004 Paper

Simulations of X(2) nonlinear optical devices with comparisons to laboratory performance

Arlee Smith, Darrell Armstrong, William Alford, Mark Bowers

Proceedings Volume 5349, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.540318

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Nonlinear crystals, Instrument modeling, Optical parametric oscillators, Diffraction, Dispersion, Polarization, Wave propagation, Crystal optics, Harmonic generation

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Proceedings Article | 14 June 2004 Paper

150-mJ 1550-nm KTA OPO with good beam quality and high efficiency

Darrell Armstrong, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 5337, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.528436

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Optical parametric oscillators, Laser crystals, Energy efficiency, Nonlinear crystals, Optical amplifiers, Performance modeling, Sensors, Wavefronts, Nd:YAG lasers

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Proceedings Article | 23 December 2003 Paper

Efficient all-solid-state UV source for satellite-based lidar applications

Darrell Armstrong, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 5154, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.504808

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Crystals, Ultraviolet radiation, Nd:YAG lasers, Mirrors, Satellites, Image quality, Spatial filters, Laser systems engineering, Oscillators

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A satellite-based UV-DIAL measurement system would allow continuous global monitoring of ozone concentration in the upper atmosphere. However such systems remain difficult to implement because aerosol-scattering return signals for satellite-based lidars are very weak. A suitable system must produce high-energy UV pulses at multiple wavelengths with very high efficiency. For example, a nanosecond system operating at 10 Hz must generate approximately 1 J per pulse at 308-320 nm. An efficient space-qualified wavelength-agile system based on a single UV source that can meet this requirement is probably not available using current laser technology. As an alternative, we're pursuing a multi-source approach employing all-solid-state modules that individually generate 300-320 nm light with pulse energies in the range of 50-200 mJ, with transform-limited bandwidths and good beam quality. Pulses from the individual sources can be incoherently summed to obtain the required single-pulse energy. These sources use sum-frequency mixing of the 532 nm second harmonic of an Nd:YAG pump laser with 731-803 nm light derived from a recently-developed, state-of-the-art, nanosecond optical parametric oscillator. Two source configurations are under development, one using extra-cavity sum-frequency mixing, and the other intra-cavity sum-frequency mixing. In either configuration, we hope to obtain sum-frequency mixing efficiency approaching 60% by carefully matching the spatial and temporal properties of the laser and OPO pulses. This ideal balance of green and near-IR photons requires an injection-seeded Nd:YAG pump-laser with very high beam quality, and an OPO exhibiting unusually high conversion efficiency and exceptional signal beam quality. The OPO employs a singly-resonant high-Fresnel-number image-rotating self-injection-seeded nonplanar-ring cavity that achieves pump depletion > 65% and produces signal beams with M² ≈ 3 at pulse energies exceeding 50 mJ. Pump beam requirements can be met in the laboratory using a commercial Nd:YAG laser system, but only after extensive modifications.

Proceedings Article | 12 September 2003 Paper

How to use SNLO nonlinear optics software to select nonlinear crystals and model their performance

Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 4972, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.472831

KEYWORDS: Nonlinear crystals, Crystals, Optical parametric oscillators, Nonlinear optics, Performance modeling, Software development, Dispersion, Picosecond phenomena, Phase matching

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Proceedings Article | 3 July 2003 Paper

Efficient visible and UV generation by frequency conversion of a mode-filtered fiber amplifier

Dahv Kliner, Fabio Di Teodoro, Jeffrey Koplow, Sean Moore, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 4974, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.502207

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Fiber amplifiers, Ultraviolet radiation, Visible radiation, Optical amplifiers, Nonlinear crystals, Laser crystals, Polarization, Frequency conversion, Fiber lasers

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Proceedings Article | 21 March 2003 Paper

Design and laboratory characterization of a highly efficient all-solid-state 200-mJ UV light source for ozone DIAL measurements

Darrell Armstrong, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 4893, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.466238

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Ultraviolet radiation, Crystals, Mirrors, Nd:YAG lasers, Prisms, Image quality, Oscillators, Pulsed laser operation, Nonlinear crystals

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Proceedings Article | 1 May 2001 Paper

Improving the beam quality of nanosecond optical parametric oscillators

Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 4268, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.424622

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Image quality, Crystals, Resonators, Prisms, Nonlinear crystals, Laser crystals, Laser optics, Computer simulations, Diffraction

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Proceedings Article | 23 March 2000 Paper

How to select nonlinear crystals and model their performance using SNLO software

Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 3928, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.379931

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Nonlinear crystals, Optical parametric oscillators, Laser crystals, Dispersion, Performance modeling, Software development, Refractive index, Picosecond phenomena

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Proceedings Article | 10 April 1995 Paper

Phase correction in two-crystal optical parametric oscillators

Darrell Armstrong, William Alford, Thomas Raymond, Arlee Smith

Proceedings Volume 2379, (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.206456

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Nonlinear crystals, Ferroelectric materials, Optical parametric oscillators, Phase shifts, Laser crystals, Signal detection, Optical calibration, Polarization, Antireflective coatings

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Showing 5 of 38 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (3)

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications V

25 January 2006 | San Jose, California, United States

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications IV

26 January 2005 | San Jose, California, United States

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications III

26 January 2004 | San Jose, Ca, United States

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