Germanium is a very good candidate to host a versatile spintronics platform thanks to its unique spin and optical properties. Recently we focused on two approaches in order to tune the spin-orbit interaction (SOI) in this Ge-based platform. The first one relies on growing high quality epitaxial topological insulators (TIs) on a Ge (111) substrate, we developed an original method to probe the spin-to-charge conversion at the TI/Ge(111) interface by taking advantage of the Ge optical properties. The latter approach is to exploit the intrinsic SOI of Ge (111). By investigating the electrical properties of a thin Ge(111), we found a large unidirectional Rashba magnetoresistance, which we ascribe to the interplay between the externally applied magnetic field and the current-induced pseudo-magnetic field applied in the spin-splitted subsurface states of Ge (111). Both studies open a door towards spin manipulation with electric fields in an all-semiconductor technology platform.
Recently, there has been impressive progress in the field of artificial intelligence. A striking example is Alphago, an algorithm developed by Google, that defeated the world champion Lee Sedol at the game of Go. However, in terms of power consumption, the brain remains the absolute winner, by four orders of magnitudes. Indeed, today, brain inspired algorithms are running on our current sequential computers, which have a very different architecture than the brain. If we want to build smart chips capable of cognitive tasks with a low power consumption, we need to fabricate on silicon huge parallel networks of artificial synapses and neurons, bringing memory close to processing. The aim of the presented work is to deliver a new breed of bio-inspired magnetic devices for pattern recognition. Their functionality is based on the magnetic reversal properties of an artificial spin ice in a Kagome geometry for which the magnetic switching occurs by avalanches.
Yann Perrin, Ioan Chioar, Hanna Riahi, Van Nguyen, Aurélien Masseboeuf, Christophe Gatel, Stefan McMurtry, Benito Santos Burgos, Tevfik Onur Mentes, Andrea Locatelli, Jean-Christophe Toussaint, François Montaigne, Daniel Lacour, Nicolas Rougemaille, Benjamin Canals, Michel Hehn
Complex architectures of nanostructures are currently routinely elaborated using bottom-up or nanofabrication processes. This technological capability allows scientists to engineer materials with properties that do not exist in nature, but also to manufacture model systems to explore fundamental issues in condensed matter physics. Two-dimensional frustrated arrays of magnetic nanostructures are one class of systems for which theoretical predictions can now be tested experimentally.
In particular, magnetic imaging techniques offer the appealing opportunity to observe a wide range of phenomena within the concept of lab-on-a-chip. For example, several exotic magnetic phases have been discovered in artificial frustrated spin systems. Besides, these systems allow the study of classical analogues of magnetic monopoles. These recent results have stimulated new research activities motivated by the quest for magnetic monopoles in condensed matter physics.
In this contribution, we'll show that the micromagnetic properties of the elements constituting artificial frustrated arrays of nanomagnets introduce the concept of chiral monopoles. Injecting and manipulating experimentally the chirality of a magnetic monopole provide a new degree of freedom in the system. This offers the opportunity to control their motion under an external magnetic field, thus allowing to envision applications in magnetronics.
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