KEYWORDS: Ecosystems, Satellites, Vegetation, Data modeling, Data acquisition, Short wave infrared radiation, Matrices, Climate change, Carbon, System integration
Selected Ecosystem Functional Properties, calculated from data collected by the flux tower stations of the ICOS network in Europe, were linked to vegetation indices extracted by satellite PRISMA hyperspectral data. Fourteen stations and sixty images were gathered for this preliminary research, in five different ecosystems including various forest types, grasslands, and wetlands. Several pre-processing steps, for both flux and PRISMA data, were needed prior to computation of correlation values and analysis of the fit for the most promising relationships. The results indicate that certain indices are highly correlated with Gross Primary Productivity, Net Ecosystem Exchange, Light Use Efficiency, and Water Use Efficiency, with the first three EFPs obtaining better values. Similar results are obtained also considering only broadleaved forest data. All the relationships resulted being linear or at the second polynomial order. Narrowband indices reporting information from the green to near infrared spectral region resulted the most useful ones. This effort shows the potential of upscaling tower station information to larger extent with PRISMA data, and additional research is planned expanding the dataset to other sites.
Pseudo-steppe with grasses hosts a variety of plants, vertebrates and invertebrates; this typically Mediterranean habitat is currently under the protection of the EU Habitat Directive as priority habitat type n° 6220, with several hosting sites being included in the Natura2000 network. Considering the stresses imposed by land use change and climate impacts, especially in southern Italy, monitoring the extent, structural and physiological parameters of this habitat over space and time is crucial to implement proper conservation and planning strategies. In this study, multispectral and SAR data have been linked to habitat extent and structural parameters in different sites in the Apulia region (southern Italy), where field calibration and validation data were collected in spring and summer 2024, to investigate the value of different remote sensing data in supporting habitat conservation within the Natura 2000 network.
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