Surface signatures of oceanic internal waves (IWs) are often observed in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images since IWs change surface roughness through the interaction of small-scale ocean waves with varying currents induced by IWs. If we know the relationship between the vertical and horizontal parameters governing IWs, the mixed layer depth (MLD) can be estimated from SAR data since IWs propagate along a pycnocline where the water density changes rapidly. This study presents a method for estimating MLD from SAR data using IW images observed by RADARSAT-1 over the east waters of the Korean Peninsula. To interpret IWs using SAR data, the backscatter radar cross section is computed by applying the small perturbation model to the sea surface perturbed by varying surface currents. Wave height spectrum is computed by varying the upper layer depth of mixed layer from 5 m to 100 m with 1 m depth interval. The surface current field is assumed to move with the IWs, and is described by the KdV equation. The computed RCS is then compared with the RADARSAT-1 data, resulting in satisfactory agreement of the estimated depth of IWs with other data.
When we talk about for the ship detection, identification and its classification, we need to go for the wide area of monitoring and it may be possible only through satellite based monitoring approach which monitors and covers coastal as well as the oceanic zone. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has been widely used to detect targets of interest with the advantage of the operating capability in all weather and luminance free condition (Margarit and Tabasco, 2011). In EU waters, EMSA(European Maritime Safety Agency) is operating the SafeSeaNet and CleanSeaNet systems which provide the current positions of all ships and oil spill monitoring information in and around EU waters in a single picture to Member States using AIS, LRIT and SAR images. In many countries, a similar system has been developed and the key of the matter is to integrate all available data. This abstract describes the preliminary design concept for an integration system of RADAR, AIS and SAR data for vessel traffic monitoring. SAR sensors are used to acquire image data over large coverage area either through the space borne or airborne platforms in UTC. AIS reports should be also obtained on the same date as of the SAR acquisition for the purpose to perform integration test. Land-based RADAR can provide ships positions detected and tracked in near real time. In general, SAR are used to acquire image data over large coverage area, AIS reports are obtained from ship based transmitter, and RADAR can monitor continuously ships for a limited area. In this study, we developed individual ship monitoring algorithms using RADAR(FMCW and Pulse X-band), AIS and SAR(RADARSAT-2 Full-pol Mode). We conducted field experiments two times for displaying the RADAR, AIS and SAR integration over the Pyeongtaek Port, South Korea.
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