KEYWORDS: Field programmable gate arrays, Data modeling, Clocks, Signal processing, Data conversion, Digital signal processing, Computer simulations, Finite impulse response filters, Performance modeling, Data centers
While conducting a cutting-edge research in a specific domain, we realize that (1) requirements clarity and correctness
are crucial to our success [1], (2) hardware is hard to change, most work is in software requirements development,
coding and testing [2], (3) requirements are constantly changing, so that configurability, reusability, scalability,
adaptability, modularity and testability are important non-functional attributes [3], (4) cross-domain knowledge is
necessary for complex systems [4], and (5) if our research is successful, the results could be applied to other domains
with similar problems. In this paper, we propose to use model-driven requirements engineering (MDRE) to model and
guide our requirements/development, since models are easy to understand, execute, and modify. The domain for our
research is Electronic Warfare (EW) real-time ultra-wide instantaneous bandwidth (IBW1) signal simulation. The
proposed four MDRE models are (1) Switch-and-Filter architecture, (2) multiple parallel data bit streams alignment, (3)
post-ADC and pre-DAC bits re-mapping, and (4) Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) filter bank. This research is unique
since the instantaneous bandwidth we are dealing with is in gigahertz range instead of conventional megahertz.
KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Analog electronics, Quantization, Commercial off the shelf technology, Analytical research, Clocks, MATLAB, Electromagnetism, Binary data, Interference (communication)
The most important adverse impact on the Electronic Warfare (EW) simulation is that the number of signal sources that
can be tested simultaneously is relatively small. When the number of signal sources increases, the analog hardware,
complexity and costs grow by the order of N2, since the number of connections among N components is O(N*N) and the
signal communication is bi-directional. To solve this problem, digitization of the signal is suggested. In digitizing a
radiofrequency signal, an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) is widely used. Most research studies on ADCs are
conducted from designer/test engineers' perspective. Some research studies are conducted from market's perspective.
This paper presents a generic way to select, evaluate and test ultra high bandwidth COTS ADCs and generate
requirements for digitizing continuous time signals from the perspective of user's needs. Based on user's needs, as well as
vendor's published, ideal and actual specifications, a decision can be made in selecting a proper ADC for an application.
To support our arguments and illustrate the methodology, we evaluate a Tektronix TADC-1000, an 8-bit and 12
gigasamples per second ADC. This project is funded by JEWEL lab, NAWCWD at Point Mugu, CA.
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